Influence Of Tillage On Soil Aeration

Khan, A. R.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-037x.1996.tb00243.x

Cited by 49 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The trapped organic residues shade the ground surface and decrease soil-water loss through evaporation [54], while the trapped seeds become available for germination on-site [29,30]. Water infiltration is accelerated by the intensive aeration of soil, which is induced by the deep chiseling action [55]. The high infiltration rate and decreased evaporation loss increase the availability of water for plant-use [56].…”

Section: General Discussion and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, the surface smoothness hinders the on-site retention of raindrops. Coupled with the compaction-induced limited soil aeration [55] and diminished water infiltrability [67], these processes cause the generation of intensive runoff of water [68]. Further, the low infiltrability of water diminishes leaching of calcium carbonate [57], and hinders microbial activity [58].…”

Section: General Discussion and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single Session of Chiseling Tillage for Soil and Vegetation Restoration in Severely Degraded Shrublands

Stavi

Siegal²,

Drori³

et al. 2018

Water

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While tillage of agricultural lands has been used extensively, its utilization for restoring degraded semi-natural lands is rare. This study was conducted in the arid southern Israel in a shrubland which has faced severe degradation processes over time, including soil erosion and compaction, and negation of vegetation recovery. In 2014, research plots were established for assessing the impact of a single chiseling session on the ecosystem's restoration capacity. The study treatments included deep chiseling (35 cm), shallow chiseling (20 cm), and control (no-tillage). Data on spontaneously-established vegetation was collected one, two, and three years after the plots' establishment, and soil data was collected once-three years after the plots' establishment. Assessments of the vegetation parameters revealed a general similarity between the two chiseling treatments, which were generally better than those of the no-till plots. The soil properties revealed generally greater soil quality under the two chiseling treatments than that under the control plots, and a somewhat better soil quality for the deep chiseling than that for the shallow chiseling. Overall, results of this study show that in severely degraded lands, self-restoration processes are hindered, negating the effectiveness of passive restoration practices, and necessitating active intervention practices to stimulate restoration processes.

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Section: General Discussion and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: General Discussion and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Session of Chiseling Tillage for Soil and Vegetation Restoration in Severely Degraded Shrublands

Stavi

Siegal²,

Drori³

et al. 2018

Water

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“…Tillage promotes aeration and drainage of soil, breaks up plant tissues, disrupts and redistributes microorganisms, modifies thermal regimes (Doran 1982;Larney and Bullock 1994;Khan 1996) and promotes the release and subsequent degradation of previously protected organic matter (Rovira and Greacen 1957;Adu and Oades 1978). These effects usually contribute to decreases in soil organic carbon (SOC) and microbial biomass content compared to uncultivated soil (Schimel et al 1985;Elliott 1986;de Luca and Keeney 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Distribution of soil carbon and microbial biomass in arable soils under different tillage regimes

Sun

Hallett²,

Caul³

et al. 2010

Plant Soil

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We have measured total soil organic carbon (SOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and microbial lipid contents (as indices of microbial biomass and community structure), and their distributions to 60 cm depth in soils from replicated medium-term (2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008) experimental arable plots subject to different tillage regimes in Scotland. The treatments were zero tillage (ZT), minimum tillage (MT; cultivation to 7 cm), the conventional tillage (CT) practice of ploughing to 20 cm, and deep ploughing (DP) to 40 cm depth. In the 0-30 cm depth range, SOC content (corrected for bulk density differences between tillage treatments) was greatest under ZT and MT, but over 0-60 cm depth the SOC contents of these treatments were similar to the CT and DP treatments. DOC concentrations declined with increasing depth in ZT and MT above 20 cm, but there were no significant differences with depth in the CT and DP treatments. Beneath 20 cm, there was little change in DOC concentration with depth for all treatments, although for the MT treatment, there was less DOC beneath the depth of cultivation. The total microbial biomass decreased with increasing depth over the 0-60 cm range in the ZT and MT treatments, whereas it decreased with depth only below 30-40 cm in the CT and DP treatments. The microbial biomass was significantly different only between 0-5 cm in the ZT, CT and DP treatments, but not for other depths between all treatments. The bacterial biomass was greater in the ZT treatment than in MT, CT and DP near the soil surface, but not significantly different over the whole profile (0-60 cm). The fungal biomass decreased with depth in the ZT and MT treatments over the whole 0-60 cm depth range, whereas it decreased with depth only below 20 cm in the CT and DP treatments.

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“…Tillage modifies the physical properties of soils and thereby alters the environment for micro-organisms and the distribution of soil constitutes including carbon and nutrients (Doran, 1982;Larney & Bullock, 1994;Khan, 1996;Sun et al, 2011). These changes modify the rooting environment and alter the release and subsequent degradation of previously protected organic matter (Rovira & Greacen, 1957;Adu & Oades, 1978), which usually contribute to decreases in the soil organic carbon (SOC) and microbial biomass contents compared with uncultivated soil (Schimel et al, 1985;Elliott, 1986;de Luca & Keeney, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial properties and nitrogen contents of arable soils under different tillage regimes

Sun

Roberts

Dennis

et al. 2013

Soil Use and Management

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Attention is being paid to the use of different tillage regimes as a means of retaining soil organic carbon (SOC) and sequestering more SOC. Alongside earlier measurements of total SOC stocks under different tillage regimes, we have examined the distribution of nitrogen (N), microbial activity and the structure of the soil bacterial community from differently tilled plots under continuous barley. The plots were established 5 yr before sampling and have been maintained annually under conventional tillage (CT; moldboard ploughing to 20 cm and disking), deep ploughing (DP; ploughing to 40 cm and disking), minimum tillage (MT; disking to 7 cm) or zero tillage (ZT). Our earlier work showed there was no difference in SOC contents down to 60‐cm depth between the treatments, but now we report that there were significant differences in the total N and active microbial biomass (substrate‐induced respiration) contents of the same soils. The N contents of the CT, DP and MT treatments were not significantly different, but the ZT contained significantly more N, indicating either greater N retention under the ZT treatment or preferential loss from the more intensively tilled treatments, or a combination of both. The microbial biomass content was greater for the CT and DP treatments than for the MT and ZT treatments, indicating greater sensitivity to treatment effects of the microbial biomass pool than the total C pool, consistent with its more dynamic nature. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T‐RFLP) analyses of the soil bacteria DNA (a method of assessing the bacterial community structure) enabled the samples to be distinguished both according to SOC content, which is to be expected, and to tillage regime with the greatest differences in community structure occurring in the ZT treatment and the least in DP and CT treatments, reflecting the degree of homogenization or disturbance resulting from tillage.

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Influence Of Tillage On Soil Aeration

Cited by 49 publications

References 19 publications

Single Session of Chiseling Tillage for Soil and Vegetation Restoration in Severely Degraded Shrublands

Single Session of Chiseling Tillage for Soil and Vegetation Restoration in Severely Degraded Shrublands

Distribution of soil carbon and microbial biomass in arable soils under different tillage regimes

Microbial properties and nitrogen contents of arable soils under different tillage regimes

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