Influence of Tire-Derived Aggregates on the Properties of Railway Ballast Material

Influence of tire-derived aggregates mixed with ballast on ground-borne vibrations

“…It should be finally noted that based on the results of previous research [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], 5% up to 10% TDA is a suitable mixture content with ballast materials for the particles breakage, while the ballast shear strength will be slightly affected. Moreover, the addition of TDA to the ballast affects the settlement of the railway structure to a limited extent (for example, about 6% for 10% TDA in Ref.…”

“…Moreover, the addition of TDA to the ballast affects the settlement of the railway structure to a limited extent (for example, about 6% for 10% TDA in Ref. [12]) which can be considered as an allowable level. Therefore, the combined efficiency of ballast with 10% TDA can be considered from both mechanical behavior and vibration reduction points of view.…”

“…Besides the vibration mitigation methods mentioned, some recent studies [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] introduce a new approach of mixing the ballast material with TDA to increase the track resiliency, improve the damping properties, and decrease the breakage and wear of ballast particles. Based on these researches, the effects of TDA on various aspects of ballast layer including particles degradation, static and dynamic performances, and damping properties have been investigated both experimentally and numerically under normal circumstances and sand-fouled conditions.…”

“…For this mean, four existing test sections of ballast layer with, respectively, 0, 2.5, 5, and 10 weighted percentages of TDA have been served. Selecting the upper limit of TDA material is based on the results of prior research studies conducted on ballast-TDA mixtures; the obvious reason for the restriction required for addition of more than 10% TDA is the reduction of shear strength as well as the increase in the long-term ballast settlement (see References [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]). Then, a motor-powered draisine with four different speeds is passed through the track and related vibration responses are recorded in the form of velocity.…”

Tire‐derived aggregate layer performance in railway bridges as a novel impact absorber: Numerical and field study

“…The results showed that adding 10% TDA can decrease the stiffness to one fourth of the stiffness of pure ballast. In another study, Fathali et al assessed the particle breakage and long‐term settlement in which the reduction of 47% and 6% were respectively inferred. Esmaeili et al experimented the dynamic properties of railway ballast mixed with TDA by modal shaker test.…”