Influence of trellis system and shoot positioning on light interception and distribution in two grapevine cultivars with different architectures: an original approach based on 3D canopy modelling

Abstract

Background and Aims: A 3D modelling approach simulating canopy structure was used in combination with a radiative transfer model to simulate light interception, distribution and microclimate in the fruiting zone. Methods and Results: This model was parameterised for four training systems (two vertical shoot‐positioned systems with one or two pairs of catch wires (VSP‐1W, VSP‐2W); two non‐shoot‐positioned systems, gobelet (GOB) and bilateral free cordon (BFC)) and two cultivars (Syrah and Grenache). Light interception and canopy microclimate depended on the interactions between the intrinsic architecture of the cultivars and canopy manipulations. Shoot vigour and leaf area were the main determinants of canopy radiative balance. However, differences in shoot architecture accounted for up to 25% of the difference in light interception between cultivar × trellis system pairs at a given leaf area index (LAI). Light interception efficiencies and the proportion of sunlit leaf area (SLA) were 25–30% lower for VSP‐2W than for BFC for intermediate LAI values. The genotypic differences in the ability to capture light were mostly induced by the ‘procumbent’ habit of the Syrah shoots. For this cultivar, shoot‐positioned systems resulted in lower levels of fruit illumination at midday than the BFC and GOB systems, whereas the use of a catch wire in VSP‐Grenache canopies made it possible to maintain light penetration in the fruit zone. Conclusions: These results highlight the problem of adapting the training system to both the architectural characteristics of the cultivar and climate. Free‐standing systems had greater light interception and SLA than shoot‐positioned systems. They may enhance fruit illumination for cultivars with ‘procumbent’ shoots. Significance of the Study: Non‐positioned shoot systems offer the possibility of combining a high level of light interception, favourable microclimate and reduced labour‐intensive practices for vineyards in conditions of moderate vigour.

Modelling Approach for Predicting the Impact of Changing Temperature Conditions on Grapevine Canopy Architectures

“…They have proven useful for analysing feedback processes between plant architecture and physiological processes, if local environmental conditions are the key process drivers [15][16][17][18]. A milestone for modelling plant architecture of grapevine is the work of Louarn et al [19] and Louarn et al [20] on TopVine. Their statistical approach for a static architectural model of grapevine was based on digitised real plants.…”

“…The variability was mimicked for basal positions of the shoot, parameters for the spatial paths of the shoots and leaf azimuth and elevation angles, whereas each shoot has the same leaf area, which is a model input, and the length of each sub-unit is the same. TopVine was used to simulate light-sensitive differences in canopy structure variability within and between cultivar × training system pairs for Grenache Noir and Syrah [20]. A similar study of Iandolino et al [21] aimed at simplifying simulations of grapevine canopy reconstruction.…”

Metabolite and transcript profiling of berry skin during fruit development elucidates differential regulation between Cabernet Sauvignon and Shiraz cultivars at branching points in the polyphenol pathway

“…Grapevine vegetative growth and canopy structure affects the amount of light reaching the grape bunch and modifies its microclimate [5]-[7]. Moreover, the partitioning of photoassimilates and other metabolites to the bunch will also depend on the extent of vegetative growth during berry development and eventually it will determine the metabolite profile of the flesh and skin of the berry [5],[8],[9].…”

Comparação da disponibilidade de radiação solar global e fotoperíodo entre as regiões vinícolas de Campo Belo do Sul-SC, Brasil e Pech Rouge, França

“…Com o deslocamento das fases fenológicas, ou seja, a antecipação das colheitas, a tendência é aumentar a disponibilidade e a intensidade da radiação solar, assim como maior disponibilidade de horas de luminosidade, consequentemente com menor mudança da incidência da radiação solar no Hemisfério Sul. Naturalmente, a questão do potencial genético (LOUARN et al, 2008), o manejo da arquitetura foliar e o dossel vegetativo podem modificar o aproveitamento da radiação solar pela cultura (SEGIN, 2007;MANDELLI et al, 2008;MIELE et al, 2009;FAVERO et al, 2010 FIGURA 9 -Radiação solar global acumulada no período de maturação da videira medida em Pech Rouge, no sul da França (setembro a outubro), e março a abril no Planalto Catarinense.…”