Influence of Tropical Cyclone Intensity and Size on Storm Surge in the Northern East China Sea

Abstract

Typhoon storm surge research has always been very important and worthy of attention. Less is studied about the impact of tropical cyclone size (TC size) on storm surge, especially in semi-enclosed areas such as the northern East China Sea (NECS). Observational data for Typhoon Winnie (TY9711) and Typhoon Damrey (TY1210) from satellite and tide stations, as well as simulation results from a finite-volume coastal ocean model (FVCOM), were developed to study the effect of TC size on storm surge. Using the maximum wind speed (MXW) to represent the intensity of the tropical cyclone and seven-level wind circle range (R7) to represent the size of the tropical cyclone, an ideal simulation test was conducted. The results indicate that the highest storm surge occurs when the MXW is 40–45 m/s, that storm surge does not undergo significant change with the RWM except for the area near the center of typhoon and that the peak surge values are approximately a linear function of R7. Therefore, the TC size should be considered when estimating storm surge, particularly when predicting marine-economic effects and assessing the risk.

Storm Surge Hazard Assessment of the Levee of a Rapidly Developing City-Based on LiDAR and Numerical Models

“…Storm surges in this study were simulated by adopting the Finite-Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM) numerical model [36]. It uses a nonoverlapping unstructured triangular grid in the horizontal to resolve ocean dynamics in complex regions, which was considered highly suitable for the present study area with its irregular complex coastline [37][38][39][40][41][42]. The model was forced by winds, air pressure, and heat fluxes at the sea surface, tidal and nontidal sea levels, as well as temperature and salinity at the lateral open boundaries.…”

Editorial for the Special Issue “Remote Sensing of the Oceans: Blue Economy and Marine Pollution”

“…Detection of targets such as marine raft aquaculture, moving vessels, and the shoreline [1][2][3]; • Observation of spatio-temporal pattern of oil spills and coastal marine litter [4][5][6]; • Study of natural sea processes, including typhoon-induced storm surges, sub-mesoscale eddies and migration of the along-slope counter-flow [7][8][9]; • Analysis of scattering and spectral properties of the sea surface [10,11].…”

“…Those goals have been pursued using multi-platform and multi-frequency remote sensing tools together with theoretical models, numerical simulations, and in-situ measurements. Most of the study exploited satellite data, including microwave-synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery collected in single-, dual-and quad-polarimetric imaging modes, radar altimeters [1][2][3][4][5]7,11], and optical-spin-scanning radiometers and spectroradiometers [7,8]. Other studies used airborne or shore-based sensors, including UAV cameras and high-frequency (HF) coastal radars [6,9].…”

“…Other studies used airborne or shore-based sensors, including UAV cameras and high-frequency (HF) coastal radars [6,9]. Numerical tools and simulations were also considered in [3,4,[8][9][10], while in-situ information was exploited in [5,7,8].…”

“…In [8], the impact of tropical cyclone size on storm surges in semi-enclosed areas is addressed. Typhoon information from meteorological satellites, data from tide stations, and simulations performed according to a finite-volume coastal ocean model were considered for the study.…”