Influence of tunnel slope on movement characteristics of thermal smoke in a moving subway train fire

Zhou, Dan; Hu, Tianen; Wang, Zhe; Chen, Tao; Li, Xiaofang

doi:10.1016/j.csite.2021.101472

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Rickard [1] analyzed the smoke characteristics of subway train tunnel fires by full-scale tests, showed the risk in the process of evacuation during the rapid development stage. Zhou [2] investigated the influence of tunnel slopes on the temperature distribution characteristics of a subway. Lee [3] conducted a full-scale experiment on a subway train and derived the maximum heat release rate with all four doors of the carriage open.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Door Openings on Train Fire Scenarios within a Subway Depot

Yang,

Li,

Liu

et al. 2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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It is challenging to control smoke in the case of a train fire occurred in the subway depot with a complex internal structure. In this paper, the effect of door opening state on smoke behavior characteristics induced by subway depot fire scenario was investigated. A series of numerical simulation were conducted by Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) software. Three key parameters were analyzed corresponding to the temperature, visibility and CO concentration for evaluating smoke propagation respectively. Results show that temperature distribution and CO concentration at 2 m height inside the train with train door opening state are lower than those with the train door closed. However, visibility at 2 m height inside the train shows the opposite trend. The results can provide reference in the ventilation system design and emergency evacuation scheme for the subway depot.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Door Openings on Train Fire Scenarios within a Subway Depot

Yang,

Li,

Liu

et al. 2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…Wang et al [ 13 ] used a moving model experiment to investigate the impacts of train speed and blocking ratio on the features of smoke movement in a tunnel. Zhou et al [ 14 ] reported that tunnel slope significantly affects the temperature distribution and the time of smoke backflow in the tunnel with a moving subway train on fire.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of subway train fire locations on the characteristics of smoke movement in a curved tunnel

Zhou

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Scenario models of a moving subway train can help investigate the influence of different fire locations on smoke propagation characteristics in curved tunnels. To this end, this study adopts the three-dimensional Unsteady Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes equations method and the renormalization group k-ε two-equation turbulence model with buoyancy correction for numerical analysis. The motion of the train is replicated using the slip grid technique. The results indicate that when a fire breaks out on a moving train in tunnels, the piston wind leads the longitudinal movement of the smoke. If a fire erupts in the head or middle car of a moving train, the time of smoke backflow is delayed by 30 s or 17 s, respectively, compared to that for the tail car. The obtained results provide a theoretical basis for reasonably controlling the smoke flow in subway tunnels and reducing casualties in fire accidents.

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“…The safety factors of evacuation mainly include various combustion products and other environmental parameters caused by combustion. Countries around the world have special standards and specifications [6]. The International Building Code [7] stipulates that the bottom-surface height of the flue gas should be kept at least six feet above the height of the human-walking surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Fire Ventilation Control of Subway Tunnel: A Case Study for Dalian Subway

2022

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During the actual operation of a subway company, only one ventilation-control scheme is considered in the emergency plan, without considering the specific location difference of the fire source. However, in the case of an actual tunnel fire, the best ventilation-control scheme and personnel-evacuation scheme are very different given the potential different locations of the fire source. We consider the use of a connecting channel for smoke exhaust or personnel evacuation and study the best ventilation-control scheme and personnel-evacuation scheme, when the fire source is at different positions relative to the train, and the train is at different positions relative to the connecting channel. Taking the tunnel between Yaojia Station and Nanguanling Station of Metro Line 1 in Dalian, China, as an example, a 1:1 full-scale numerical model is established to study dangerous fire-related conditions, such as carbon monoxide concentration, smoke visibility, and temperature. Nine typical working conditions of a tunnel-section fire are studied. The traditional and commonly used longitudinal-ventilation mode can ensure smoke control and personnel evacuation. For the working conditions of fire in the end of the train the ventilation-control scheme designed in this paper can ensure the safety of personnel. However, the working conditions of fire in the middle of a train are the most dangerous, and about 50%of personnel are affected by smoke during the escape. This paper analyzes the impact of the longitudinal-ventilation mode, transverse-ventilation mode, and semi-transverse-ventilation mode on personnel evacuation under such working conditions. It is found that with the semi-transverse-ventilation mode, personnel are least affected. Furthermore, semi-transverse ventilation requires a higher engineering investment, which is more than RMB 2000 per meter of tunnel. If the economic conditions are available, it is recommended to consider the semi-transverse-ventilation mode instead of the longitudinal-ventilation mode. The research results can provide guidance for the emergency-control scheme for subway-tunnel fire operation.

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Influence of tunnel slope on movement characteristics of thermal smoke in a moving subway train fire

Cited by 16 publications

References 34 publications

Effect of Door Openings on Train Fire Scenarios within a Subway Depot

Effect of Door Openings on Train Fire Scenarios within a Subway Depot

Influence of subway train fire locations on the characteristics of smoke movement in a curved tunnel

Study on Fire Ventilation Control of Subway Tunnel: A Case Study for Dalian Subway

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