Influence of type of feeding and rumen incubation time on in sacco dry matter degradability of ryegrass, straw and concentrate in sheep and goats

Flachowsky, Gerhard; Tiroke, K.

doi:10.1016/0921-4488(93)90009-7

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These results agreed with those of studies which showed that DM degradability is generally influenced by incubation time and the type of incubated feed [9,11,25].…”

Section: Dry Matter Degradationsupporting

confidence: 82%

In vitro determination of ruminal dry matter and cell wall degradation, and production of fermentation end-products of various by-products

Sánchez

Megías

2002

Anim. Res.

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-The samples used in the experiment were nine types of by-products: giant pumpkin, red pepper, melon, broccoli, brewer's grains, fresh and boiled artichoke, lemon peel and orange peel. The dry matter degradability of each by-product was determined by in vitro fermentation with ruminal fluid of the goat. The materials were incubated at 39 ºC for 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. At each time, pH, dry matter disappearance, neutral-detergent fibre disappearance, volatile fatty acids, lactic acid and ammonia productions were measured. Approximately 50% of the total dry matter loss of broccoli, melon and peels occurred at 12 h incubation. In addition, the total dry matter loss of the giant pumpkin, fresh and boiled artichoke, and brewer's grains was low (< 50% of dry matter loss) at 12 h. The molar proportion of acetate and propionate was influenced by the type of the feedstuffs. Thus, the acetate proportion was > 70% for all by-products, except for brewer's grains (63.8%), and the propionate proportion was < 20% for all by-products, except for the brewer's grains (21.3%). In conclusion, the ruminal dry matter and cell wall degradations, and production of fermentation end-products by in vitro determination offers a convenient method to compare the microbial digestion of the different byproducts.in vitro fermentation / dry matter degradation / cell wall degradation / by-product Résumé -Détermination de la dégradation ruminale in vitro, de la matière sèche, de la paroi cellulaire, et de la production des produits finaux de fermentation de divers sous-produits. L'expérience a porté sur 9 types de sous-produits : citrouille, poivron, melon, brocoli, drèche de brasserie, artichaut cru ou bouilli, zeste de citron, et zeste d'orange. La dégradation de la matière sèche de chaque sous-produit a été déterminée par la fermentation in vitro dans du liquide ruminal de chèvre. Les échantillons ont été maintenus à 39 ºC pendant 12, 24, 48 et 72 heures. A tous ces temps, le pH, la disparition de la matière sèche, la disparition du NDF, les acides gras volatils, l'acide lactique et l'ammoniac ont été mesurés. Environ 50 % du total des pertes de matière sèche du brocoli, du melon et des zestes ont eu lieu après 12 heures d'incubation. De plus, la disparition de la matière sèche de la 189 * Correspondence and reprints Tel.: (34) 968 364750; fax: (34) 968 364147; e-mail: alimen@um.es Anim. Res. 51 (2002) 189-199  INRA, EDP Sciences, 2002 DOI: 10.1051/animres:2002018citrouille, de l'artichaut et de la drèche de brasserie a été faible (< 50 % des pertes de matière sèche) 12 heures après. La proportion molaire d'acétate et de propionate a été influencée par le type d'aliment utilisé. Ainsi, la proportion d'acétate a été supérieure à 70 % pour tous les sous-produits, sauf pour la drèche de brasserie (63,8 %), et la proportion de propionate a été inférieure à 20 % pour tous les sous-produits, sauf pour la drèche de brasserie. Ce travail permet de conclure que la détermination de la dégradation ruminale in vitro, de la matière sèche et du NDF, ...

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“…These results agreed with those of studies which showed that DM degradability is generally influenced by incubation time and the type of incubated feed [9,11,25].…”

Section: Dry Matter Degradationsupporting

confidence: 82%

In vitro determination of ruminal dry matter and cell wall degradation, and production of fermentation end-products of various by-products

Sánchez

Megías

2002

Anim. Res.

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“…In agreement with additional investigations (RUTAGWENDA et al 1990, FLACHOWSKY andTIROKE 1993) sheep and goats did not show significant differences of D M D G. Flachowsky, M. Grun, Subine Polzrn and HeNu Kronemann (Table 2). D M D correlated between sheep and goats with r = 0.99.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

In sacco dry matter degradability and Ca, Mg and P disappearance from italian ryegrass, alfalfa hay and wheat straw in sheep and goats

Flachowsky

Grün

Polzin

et al. 1994

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Zusammenfassung In‐sacco‐Trockensubstanzabbau sowie Ca‐, Mg‐ and P‐Verlust von Welschem Weidelgras, Luzerneheu und Weizenstroh bei Schafen und Ziegen Grastrockengrün (Lolium multiflorum), Luzerneheu (Medicago sativa) und Weizenstroh (Triticum aestivum) wurden gemahlen (Sieblochung: 2 mm), in Nylonbeutel gegeben (2 g je Beutel) und in den Pansen von je 12 mit Pansenfisteln versehenen Schafen und Ziegen für 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 und 72 h inkubiert. Die Tagesration der Kleinwiederkäuer bestand aus 300 g Weizenstroh und 750 g Konzentrat. In den inkubierten Futterproben wurden der Trockensubstanzabbau sowie der Verlust an den Mengenelementen Ca, P und Mg ermittelt. Sowohl der Trockensubstanzabbau als auch der Gehalt und der Austrag an den Mengenelementen Ca, P und Mg wurden signifikant von den inkubierten Futtermitteln und der Inkubationsdauer beeinflußt. Keine signifikanten Unterschiede bestanden zwischen Schafen und Ziegen. Zwischen beiden Tierarten wurden für alle untersuchten Kriterien Korrelationskoeffizienten von über 0,9 errechnet. Nach 48 h Aufenthaltsdauer betrug der Trockensubstanzabbau für Grastrockengrün, Luzerneheu und Weizenstroh im Mittel beider Tierarten 77,0, 70,5 und 50,8%. Mit zunehmender Aufenthaltsdauer im Pansen stieg die Ca‐Konzentration in den Rückständen von Weidelgras und Stroh an, während sie bei Luzerne annähernd konstant blieb. Die Mg‐ bzw. P‐Konzentration der Beutelrückstände aller Futtermittel war ständig bzw. überwiegend niedriger als die des Ausgangsmaterials. Während die Mg‐Konzentration bei allen Inkubationszeiten annähernd konstant blieb, stieg die P‐Konzentration mit zunehmender Aufenthaltsdauer im Pansen bei allen Futtermitteln an. Der Mg‐Verlust war bei allen Futtermitteln höher als der Trockensubstanzabbau. Der Ca‐ und P‐Verlust wurde wesentlich von der Zusammensetzung der Futtermittel und der Aufenthaltsdauer im Pansen beeinflußt.

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“…These values are similar to those observed by Flachowsky and Tiroke (1993) on Merino rams consuming wheat straw. The relative high discrepancies observed between PD and ED in the present study (Table 2) could be attributed to the low rates of degradation (c-value, ranging from 1.5 % to 2.0 % between treatments) and low rapid soluble fractions (a-value, ranging from 6 % to 10 % between treatments) observed in the wethers.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…The relative high discrepancies observed between PD and ED in the present study (Table 2) could be attributed to the low rates of degradation (c-value, ranging from 1.5 % to 2.0 % between treatments) and low rapid soluble fractions (a-value, ranging from 6 % to 10 % between treatments) observed in the wethers. While ED was not calculated in the study of Flachowsky and Tiroke (1993), similar, but slightly higher rates of degradability (2 %) and rapid soluble fractions (13 %) were observed by the authors which could have resulted in a similar ED in their study compared to this present study. Detmann et al (2009) observed an increase in ED of low quality Prairie hay in cattle as the RAN concentration was increased from 5 to 8 mg dL −1 rumen fluid.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 31%

Substitution of rumen degradable nitrogen with urea in sheep fed low quality Eragrostis curvula hay

Mynhardt

Niekerk

Erasmus

et al. 2016

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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The aim of the present study was to determine whether sunflower meal (SFM), a highly rumen degradable protein (RDP) source, can be substituted with non-protein nitrogen (NPN, urea) without impacting negatively on intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation and microbial nitrogen (N) synthesis (MNS) in wethers consuming low quality Eragrostis curvula hay. Five wethers were fed ad libitum, low quality hay and supplemented twice-daily in equal proportions, via the rumen cannulae, one of five iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic supplements in a 5 × 5Latin square design experiment. The supplements differed in the ratios of rumen degradable N (RDN) supplied by either SFM and/or urea and is presented as percentage of RDN supplied by urea: T0 (100 % SFM, 0 % urea); T15 (85 % SFM, 15 % urea); T30 (70 % SFM, 30 % urea); T45 (55 % SFM, 45 % urea) and T60 (40 % SFM, 60 % urea). Forage intake and total tract dry matter (DM) digestibility did not differ; however, higher forage neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibilities were observed in the sheep supplemented with the higher urea-treatments (T45 and T60) compared to T15. Neither rumen pH nor total rumen volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentraions differed.The mean rumen ammonia nitrogen (RAN) concentration of the sheep supplemented with T60 was higher than T30 (9.35 mg dL −1 vs. 7.41 mg dL −1 ); however, no differences were observed in MNS or efficiency of MNS among treatments. Results suggest that up to 60 % of RDN supplied by SFM can be substituted with urea, without affecting intake, digestibility or MNS in wethers fed a low quality tropical hay.

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Influence of type of feeding and rumen incubation time on in sacco dry matter degradability of ryegrass, straw and concentrate in sheep and goats

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

In vitro determination of ruminal dry matter and cell wall degradation, and production of fermentation end-products of various by-products

In vitro determination of ruminal dry matter and cell wall degradation, and production of fermentation end-products of various by-products

In sacco dry matter degradability and Ca, Mg and P disappearance from italian ryegrass, alfalfa hay and wheat straw in sheep and goats

Substitution of rumen degradable nitrogen with urea in sheep fed low quality Eragrostis curvula hay

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