Influence of type of medullary nail on the development of local infection. An experimental study of solid and slotted nails in rabbits

Melcher, GA; Claudi, B.; Schlegel, U.; Perren, S. M.; Printzen, Gert; Munzinger, Juerg

doi:10.1302/0301-620x.76b6.7983127

Cited by 113 publications

(67 citation statements)

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“…To keep the number of experimental animals involved in the study as small as possible, a grouped sequential procedure was applied whereby the bacterial inoculae for the five test series were based on a phase wise "up and down" dosage technique as established for previous studies [2,21]. This technique places identical numbers of animals of either sample test population at each of several consecutive investigative phases and allows adjustment of the level of bacterial concentration towards the intended ID 50 (bacterial concentration causing a 50% infection rate) at which the differences in infection rates will be most evident.…”

Section: Experimental Design and Statistical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection resistance of unreamed solid, hollow slotted and cannulated intramedullary nails: An in‐vivo experimental comparison

Horn

Schlegel

Krettek

et al. 2005

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Infection continues to be a problematic complication of fracture treatment, particularly in severe open fractures. The implant design and material as well as implantation technique play an important role in the pathogenesis of local infection. The aim of our study was to determine if the local resistance to infection of a cannulated IM nail is less than that of a solid nail and more similar to that of a hollow nail. In 65 female White Zealand rabbits, the intramedullary cavity was inoculated with matching concentrations of Staphylococcus aureus, and one of the three nails was inserted. The solid nail had a greater than twofold higher resistance to infection (23%) compared to that of the other two nails (hollow, 65%; cannulated, 61%) which was statistically significant (p < 0.02). No difference in infection resistance was detected between the hollow slotted and cannulated nail designs 0, = 1). Although these experimental results may be clinically considered, direct extrapolation to clinical infection rates is ill advised.

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Section: Experimental Design and Statistical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection resistance of unreamed solid, hollow slotted and cannulated intramedullary nails: An in‐vivo experimental comparison

Horn

Schlegel

Krettek

et al. 2005

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…We obtained a human-pathogenic beta-hemolysing phage-typed Staphylococcus aureus strain (V 8189-94) from an infected hip prosthesis and prepared a broth inoculum suspension as described by Melcher et al (1994). We used bacterial concentrations of 1 × 10 5 to 2 × 10 7 cfu per 100 mL.…”

Section: Bacterial Inoculummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We applied a grouped sequential experimental procedure with an "up-and-down" dosage technique. As described in previous publications, this technique allows the determination of the level of bacterial concentrations at which differences in the infection rates of the groups being compared are most evident (Melcher et al 1994, Hauke et al 1996, Arens et al 1996, 1999a, b, Kälicke et al 2003. This concentration is close to the level of the infection dose of 50% (ID 50 ) (Reed and Münch 1938).…”

Section: Bacterial Inoculummentioning

confidence: 99%

Local application of basic fibroblast growth factor increases the risk of local infection after trauma: An in-vitro and in-vivo study in rats

et al. 2007

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Introduction Local application of growth factors to stimulate wound and fracture healing is attracting increasing interest. We studied the effect of local application of a potent angiogenic growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), on resistance to local infection after soft tissue trauma.Methods For in-vitro and in-vivo experiments, we used recombinant human bFGF. The in-vitro investigations were performed by isolation of human leukocyte fractions, cytokine analysis, phagocytosis assay, flow cytometry, and LDH assay. For the in-vivo investigation, a paired comparison of infection rates was carried out on Sprague-Dawley rats after standardized, closed soft tissue trauma and local, percutaneous bacterial inoculation of different concentrations of Staphylococcus aureus (2 × 10 4 to 2 × 10 7 colony-forming units (cfu)). The lower leg was treated with 1, 10 or 100 ng bFGF (16 animals for each concentration) and without bFGF (16 animals).Results Cytotoxic reactions due to the concentrations of bFGF used could be excluded in the in-vitro tests since incubations of isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with increasing concentrations of bFGF for 24 h did not lead to an increase in the release of lactate dehydrogenase in the culture supernatants compared to corresponding control incubations without any bFGF added. A significant increase in cytokine release was observed after the co-incubation of PBMCs with 100 or 200 ng of the same bFGF that was used for the animal experiments. Furthermore, the capacity of

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“…They include joint replacement: hip replacement in the rabbit [20], and interphalangeal joint prosthesis [7]. Bony implantation model: rabbit femoral condyle [2,3,16], tibial intramedullary nailing [16,17], and tibial plating [4]. The subcutaneous implantation model as described by Chang and Merrit is essentially only a foreign body infection model [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adhesion of Staphylococcus to orthopaedic metals, an in vivo study

Sheehan

McKenna

Mulhall

et al. 2004

Journal Orthopaedic Research

130

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This study describes a new model of biofilm study in rabbits. The primary focus of this study was to assess biofilm adhesion to orthopaedic metals in their first 48 h in a femoral intramedullary implantation model. Two previous inoculation methods i.e. that of pre-and direct inoculation were studied with two bacterial isolates namely Staphylococcus uureus and epidermidis, on titanium and stainless steel metallic implants. A method of sonication and log dilution/plating was used to assess biofilm bacteria adhering to implants. Silver coated metals were then compared with their respective control metals in the new model. The direct inoculation model gave larger and more reproducible biofilm adhesion to implanted metals. Staphylococcus epidermidis shows lower adhesion ability to metals, and biofilms adhere in greater numbers to stainless steel over titanium.Silver coated metals show no statistical difference over control metals when exposed to orthopaedic biofilms.

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Influence of type of medullary nail on the development of local infection. An experimental study of solid and slotted nails in rabbits

Cited by 113 publications

References 0 publications

Infection resistance of unreamed solid, hollow slotted and cannulated intramedullary nails: An in‐vivo experimental comparison

Infection resistance of unreamed solid, hollow slotted and cannulated intramedullary nails: An in‐vivo experimental comparison

Local application of basic fibroblast growth factor increases the risk of local infection after trauma: An in-vitro and in-vivo study in rats

Adhesion of Staphylococcus to orthopaedic metals, an in vivo study

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