Influence of weaning age on ileal microflora and fermentation acids in young pigs

Mathew, A. G.; Franklin, Mark A.; Upchurch, W.G.; Chattin, S E

doi:10.1016/0271-5317(96)00074-7

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…These results are in contradiction to information provided by Mathew et al (1993Mathew et al ( , 1996 who observed changes in the microbial environment due to S. cerevisiae activity. This can be explained by the ability of various strains of S. cerevisiae to alter cellulotic microflora (Newbold et al, 1995).…”

Section: Probioticscontrasting

confidence: 56%

Alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in prevention of diarrhoea in weaned piglets: a review

Vondruskova¹,

Slamova²,

Trčková³

et al. 2010

Vet. Med.

165

155

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ABSTRACT:The weaning time is a crucial period in the management of piglets. The risk of development of post-weaning diarrhoea (PWD) in piglets is high. PWD is the cause of serious economic losses in pig herds. Since 2006, the use of antibiotic growth promoters for prevention of diarrhoeal diseases in piglets has been banned. This measure also led to the investigation of alternative suitable feed supplements that would be reasonably efficient in protecting and sustaining animal health and performance. Various natural materials such as probiotics, prebiotics, organic acids, zinc and plant extracts have been tested as effective alternatives to antibiotics. Recently, owing to their high adsorption capacity, research efforts have been conducted on the application of natural clays and clay-based feed supplements. The purpose of this review is to summarize the effect of different alternative components as growth promoters on the health and performance of weaned and growing piglets.Keywords: infection; swine; antibiotics; intestinal microflora; performance; probiotics; prebiotics, organic acids; zinc; phytobiotics; aluminosilicate List of abbreviations CFU = colony-forming unit; ETEC = enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli; MMT = montmorillonite; PWD = post weaning diarrhoea; SCFA = short chain fatty acids; VFA = volatile fatty acids Review ArticleVeterinarni Medicina, 55, 2010 (5): 199-224 200 ruses (Moller et al., 1998;Song et al., 2006), transmissive gastroenteritis virus (Hampson et al., 1987; Alexa et al., 1995 Alexa et al., , 2001 Chae et al., 2000;Madec et al., 2000;Melin et al., 2004;Song et al., 2006;Thomsson et al., 2008) and others have been most frequently diagnosed.Early-weaned piglets are exposed to several stress factors, with nutrition, etiology and indoor environment of housing being particularly implicated (Madec et al., 2000;Laine et al., 2008). Noninfectious stress factors which are involved in the development of gastroenteric disorders are: -age of piglets when they are weaned from their dam (Svensmark et al., 1989;Skirrow et al., 1997), -sudden change of feed from sow milk that provides piglets with immunoglobulins (Bailey et al., 1992), -irregular feed intake (Bark et al., 1986;Spencer and Howell, 1989;Svensmark et al., 1989;Madec et al., 1998;Laine et al., 2008), -feed structure (Amezcua et al., 2002), -animal hygiene and housing conditions (Le Dividich, 1981;Le Dividich and Herpin, 1994;Madec et al., 1998), -inadequate feeder space per piglet in the pen (Amezcua et al., 2002). Numerous changes in the early-weaned piglet body can initiate PWD, such as morphological (Hampson, 1986) and functional alterations of the small intestine (Kidder and Manners, 1980; Hampson and Kidder, 1986), changes in intestinal colonization with predominance of E. coli (Melin et al., 1997;Katouli et al., 1999) and weakening of the immune system (Blecha et al., 1983;Wattrang et al., 1998). Ban of antibiotic growth promotersRegarding the fact that weaning greatly affects general health condition of piglets, it is nece...

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Section: Probioticscontrasting

confidence: 56%

Alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in prevention of diarrhoea in weaned piglets: a review

Vondruskova¹,

Slamova²,

Trčková³

et al. 2010

Vet. Med.

165

155

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The increase of the coliform bacteria number in the piglets after weaning as observed in the non-treated piglets in our study is usual [13]. Although such an increase was not observed in the probiotic groups, the differences within the control group could not be attributed to the treatment, rather to normal variations between the animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 36%

Evaluation of the Lactobacillus gasseri K7 and LF221 strains in weaned piglets for their possible probiotic use and their detection in the faeces

Salobir

Rogelj

2004

Anim. Res.

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-Lactobacillus gasseri LF221 and K7 are human isolates that were recognised in previous studies as potential probiotics. In the present study, the detection of LF221 or K7 strains in the faeces as well as their effects on the faecal coliform and lactobacilli counts and on the production parameters were studied in 18 weaned piglets. The animals were divided into three groups: an untreated control group and two groups dosed for 14 days, Lb. gasseri K7 or LF221. The experimental period lasted 25 days. For the discrimination among strains LF221, K7 and other faecal microflora, a combined approach that included culturing on selective media, testing of antimicrobial activity and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used. The administration of a single probiotic strain (a daily dose of 5 × 10 10 cfu per piglet) did not significantly influence the viable counts of the coliforms (P > 0.05). A significantly higher number of lactobacilli in comparison with the control group was found in the K7 group after 15 days of probiotic bacteria administration (P = 0.02) but not in the LF221 group. The probiotic treatment did not have a significant influence on feed intake (P > 0.05) and weight gain (P > 0.05). The feed conversion efficiency in the K7 treated group during the whole period was significantly more favourable (P < 0.05) than in the non-treated control group (1.51 and 1.87, respectively). All the piglets remained healthy and no case of diarrhoea was observed. The LF221 and K7 strains survived the passage through the intestines and were successfully detected in the faeces. The colonies identical to the LF221 and K7 strains were isolated only from the faeces of animals fed with the LF221 or K7 strain, respectively. weaned pigs / probiotics / Lactobacillus gasseri / antimicrobial activity / RAPD Résumé -Utilisation des souches de lactobacillus gasseri K7 et LF221 comme probiotiques chez les porcelets sevrés et leur détection dans les fèces. Lactobacillus gasseri LF221 et K7 sont des isolats d'origine humaine qui ont été identifiés, dans des études précédentes, en tant que probiotiques potentiels. Dans cette étude, la détection des souches LF221 ou K7 dans les fèces, leurs effets sur le nombre de coliformes et lactobacilles fécaux, et sur les paramètres de production ont

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“…A maior produção destes ácidos promove a diminuição do pH no sistema digestório, o que provoca inibição no desenvolvimento das populações de bactérias nocivas, como Escherichia coli, Clostridium sp. e Salmonella sp., as quais apresentam alta sensibilidade a ambientes ácidos 10 . O presente estudo foi proposto para testar a hipótese de que a suplementação destes microingredientes (pro e prebióticos) podem interferir no desempenho, incidência de diarréia e contagem de coliformes totais de leitões desmamados.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efeito da adição de probiótico e/ou prebiótico em dietas de leitões desmamados sobre o desempenho, incidência de diarréia e contagem de coliformes totais

Budiño

Thomaz

Kronka

et al. 2006

Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci.

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ResumoNo Experimento 1 foram utilizados 50 leitões desmamados aos 21 dias de idade, alimentados com cinco dietas: T1 -Dieta Basal; T2 -Dieta Basal + Antibiótico; T3 -Dieta Basal + Probiótico; T4 -Dieta Basal + Prebiótico; T5 -Dieta Basal + Simbiótico. As variáveis estudadas foram ganho de peso, consumo de ração e conversão alimentar na Fase 1 (21 a 43 dias de idade), Fase 2 (44 a 57 dias de idade) , Fase 3 (58 a 70 dias de idade) e Fase Total (21 a 70 dias de idade). Durante o período do experimento de desempenho foi conduzido um levantamento de escores fecais, com o objetivo de se verificar a incidência de diarréia. No Experimento 2, foram utilizados 44 leitões, desmamados aos 21 dias, submetidos às mesmas dietas do Experimento 1. Os leitões foram abatidos em três idades diferentes (dia do desmame, sete e 14 dias pós-desmame). Foi coletado um segmento do intestino delgado para análise de coliformes totais. Melhores resultados de desempenho foram obtidos com a utilização do prebiótico e simbiótico. Não houve diferenças em relação à incidência de diarréia entre os tratamentos estudados. A adição de probiótico e/ ou prebiótico na dieta preveniu o aumento na colonização por bactérias patogênicas dos sete para os 14 dias pós-desmame. Palavras-chave:Antibiótico. Frutoligossacarídeo. Simbiótico. Suíno. IntroduçãoAntibióticos e quimioterápicos são considerados promotores de crescimento tradicionais para aves e suínos. Um grande número de substâncias teve sua eficácia comprovada em melhorar a produtividade dos animais ao longo das últimas cinco décadas e seu uso como microingredientes de rações é generalizado. A melhoria no desempenho dos animais é atribuída à ação desses produtos sobre os microrganismos da flora gastro-intestinal 1 . Porém, o uso de antimicrobianos nas dietas animais vem sendo questionado em vários países. A razão desta discussão está relacionada com a possibilidade deles serem tóxicos e/ou cancerígenos, comprometendo a saúde humana, quando seus resíduos estiverem presentes em produtos alimentí-cios de origem animal, causando também problemas de resistência bacteriana aos antibióticos 2 . Por este motivo, tornou-se crescente a restrição ou proibição ao uso dos antibió-ticos como promotores de crescimento nas rações animais em vários países do mundo, sendo que na Europa já estão proibidos os usos deste tipo de substância, tais como: virginiamicina, bacitracina de zinco, espiramicina e tilosina 3 . Baseando-se em novos conceitos de segurança alimentar, produtos alternativos aos promotores de crescimento foram pesquisados e desenvolvidos 4 . O uso destes visa, igualmente, obter o máximo desempenho produtivo animal, com o diferencial de disponibilizar ao mercado um produto

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Influence of weaning age on ileal microflora and fermentation acids in young pigs

Cited by 29 publications

References 21 publications

Alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in prevention of diarrhoea in weaned piglets: a review

Alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in prevention of diarrhoea in weaned piglets: a review

Evaluation of the Lactobacillus gasseri K7 and LF221 strains in weaned piglets for their possible probiotic use and their detection in the faeces

Efeito da adição de probiótico e/ou prebiótico em dietas de leitões desmamados sobre o desempenho, incidência de diarréia e contagem de coliformes totais

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