Influential properties of activated carbon on dispersion of nickel phosphides and catalytic performance in hydrodeoxygenation of palm oil

Al2O3-MgO Supported Ni, Mo, and NiMo Mixed Phosphidic-Sulphidic Phase for Hydrotreating of Stearic and Oleic Acids Into Green Diesel

“…Similarly, Coumans and Hensen, (2017) have suggested that in the NiMo sulfide the catalyst surface contains different sites for direct HDO and DCx-DCn reactions. On the side of the phosphides and carbides, Ni phosphides tend to follow the route of DCx and DCn with excellent conversions of fatty acids ( Zhang et al, 2016 ; Ruangudomsakul et al, 2021 ); but reflects an intrinsic activity significantly lower than those obtained in this research; whilst Yun et al (2017) reported that for NiMoP catalysts, Ni sites governed catalytic activity and Mo sites controlled the selectivity; however, our study shows that Ni tends to the route of DCx and DCn, and Mo the HDO. This is possibly because the phosphidic-sulphidic mixed-phase samples may have different active sites, which can improve DCx-DCn and HDO performance of catalysts.…”

Synthesis of highly active carbon-encapsulated Ni2P catalysts by one-step pyrolysis–phosphidation for hydrodeoxygenation of phenolic compounds

“…8,9 Commonly used HDO catalysts include precious metals, 10,11 metal sulfides, 12 metal carbides 13–15 and transition metal phosphides. 16–20 Among these catalysts, transition metal phosphides, especially nickel phosphide catalysts, have been proved to be highly active in HDO of various O-containing compounds because of their outstanding hydrogenation activity, weak acidity, and low price. 18,21,22 According to previous research, the nickel sites in nickel phosphides could function as hydrogenation centers, while P–OH on the surface were main dehydration centers.…”

“…16–20 Among these catalysts, transition metal phosphides, especially nickel phosphide catalysts, have been proved to be highly active in HDO of various O-containing compounds because of their outstanding hydrogenation activity, weak acidity, and low price. 18,21,22 According to previous research, the nickel sites in nickel phosphides could function as hydrogenation centers, while P–OH on the surface were main dehydration centers. 23 Generally, non-supported nickel phosphides possess a small specific surface area.…”

The Effectiveness of Activated Charcoal from Coconut Shell as The Adsorbent of Water Purification in The Laboratory Process of Chemical Engineering Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta

“…The material activation is the distribution of water vapor or carbon dioxide (CO2) gas to the charcoal. While the chemical activation is the immersion of charcoal in a chemical compound before it is heated, it expected that the activating agent enters between the hexagonal layers of activated charcoal and then opens a closed surface [13][14][15]. Absorption of activated charcoal is enormous, which is 25%-100% of the weight of activated charcoal.…”

“…Activated charcoal usually in the form of a fine powder, pore diameter reaches 1000A o and use in the liquid phase. The benefit serves to remove the irritating substances that cause unexpected colors and odors, freeing solvents from the disruptive materials and other uses, namely on the chemical industry and new industries [14][15][16] Activated charcoal production can conduct through the process of pyrolysis of biomass as the raw materials. According to Jamilatun et al [17] have done that activated charcoal from coconut shells.…”