The estimation of signal parameters using quantized data is a recurrent problem in electrical engineering. As an example, this includes the estimation of a noisy constant value, and of the parameters of a sinewave that is its amplitude, initial record phase and offset. Conventional algorithms, such as the arithmetic mean, in the case of the estimation of a constant, are known not to be optimal in the presence of quantization errors. They provide biased estimates if particular conditions regarding the quantization process are not met, as it usually happens in practice. In this paper a quantile-based estimator is presented that is based on the Gauss-Markov theorem. The general theory is first described and the estimator is then applied to both DC and AC input signals with unknown characteristics. By using simulations and experimental results it is shown that the new estimator outperforms conventional estimators in both problems, by removing the estimation bias.