Information provision for stroke survivors and their carers

Crocker, Thomas F; Brown, Lesley; Lam, Natalie; Wray, Faye; Knapp, Peter; Forster, Anne

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd001919.pub4

Cited by 53 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 291 publications

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“…This mismatch suggests tailored and individualised information provision after stroke, in relation to secondary prevention, is not being recommended as a gold standard. However, while active information provision after stroke (one that establishes what information needs an individual has and adapts the provision to make it relevant and usable) improves stroke-survivors’ knowledge and quality of life and may help reduce anxiety and depression [ 83 ]; both knowledge and attitude change are considered necessary precursors of behaviour change [ 84 ]. Poor health behaviours are well entrenched and difficult to change, and it is well documented that simply giving people information and advice does not change behaviour [ 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Scoping Review of Non-Pharmacological, Non-Surgical Secondary Prevention Strategies in Ischaemic Stroke and TIA in National Stroke Guidelines and Clinical Audit Documents

et al. 2022

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The Stroke Action Plan for Europe (2018–2030) calls for national-level secondary prevention plans that address lifestyle, in addition to prevention medications and surgical interventions. This scoping review examines national stroke care guideline and audit documents across WHO regions to identify non-pharmacological, non-surgical stroke secondary prevention recommendations and associated performance indicators. Using a snowballing methodology, 27 guideline documents met the inclusion criteria. Sixteen (59%) detailed, non-pharmacological, non-surgical stroke secondary prevention-addressing known, modifiable population attributable risk factors, of physical inactivity (N = 11), smoking (N = 11), unsafe alcohol consumption (N = 10), diet (N = 8), weight (N = 5), stress (N = 4) and depression (N = 2). Strategies recommended to address these risk factors were: assessment of stroke risk/risk factors (N = 4); provision of advice and information on reducing lifestyle related risk (N = 16); education and counselling for lifestyle behaviour change (N = 8) and onward referral for specialist management of risk (N = 4). Of the nine stroke audits/registries identified, only three (33%) included non-pharmacological, non-surgical quality indicators of documented provision of advice or information on the following: general lifestyle (N = 2); smoking cessation for current smokers (N = 2); reduction in alcohol consumption, where relevant (N = 1), exercise participation (N = 1) and diet (N = 1). Preventive quality indicators addressing the management of weight, stress or depression were absent. This review highlights current gaps in optimal stroke secondary prevention recommendations and their implementation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Scoping Review of Non-Pharmacological, Non-Surgical Secondary Prevention Strategies in Ischaemic Stroke and TIA in National Stroke Guidelines and Clinical Audit Documents

et al. 2022

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“…Although the participants are owners of their experiences, we as investigators see ourselves as co-constructors of knowledge, in accordance with the interpretivist approach. 37 Consequently, the interviews and the analysis have been guided by our curiosity, beliefs and preconceptions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Junior doctors' experiences of the medical internship: a qualitative study

et al. 2022

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Objectives This study aimed to explore medical interns' experiences of medical internships. Methods Situated in an interpretivist paradigm, a qualitative study was carried out to explore medical interns' experiences of the internship. Invitations to participate were sent via email to medical interns currently in their last six months of internship. The first ones to respond were included. The study sample comprised twelve participants, of whom seven were women. Data were collected through individual, semi-structured and in-depth interviews with volunteering medical interns from three different hospital sites. Data were transcribed verbatim and analysed through qualitative content analysis, generating overarching themes. Results Four main themes were identified in our data. The interns felt increasingly comfortable as doctors ('finding one's feet') by taking responsibility for patients while receiving necessary help and assistance ('a doctor with support'). Although appreciative of getting an overview of the healthcare organisation ('healthcare sightseeing'), interns were exhausted by repeatedly changing workplaces and felt stuck in a rigid framework ('stuck at the zoo'). Conclusions In contrast to previous studies, this study shows that the transition from medical school to clinical work as a professional does not necessarily have to be characterised by stress and mental exhaustion but can, with extensive support, provide a fruitful opportunity for medical interns to grow into their roles as doctors. However, there is still unutilised potential for the medical internship to act as a powerful catalyser for learning, which educators and programme directors need to consider.

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“…Information provision by involving individual or providing reinforcement may reduce anxiety in individuals with stroke, although the effect size is small. 27 Participants also tried to motivate their individuals by respecting each individual’s values, preferences, experiences, and self-determination. These strategies tailored to the individual to promote and support patient-centred care.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiotherapists Use Different Motivational Strategies Tailored to an Individual’s Condition: A Qualitative Study

Oyake

Sue²,

Sumiya

et al. 2022

Preprint

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QuestionHow do physiotherapists use different motivational strategies for individuals in stroke rehabilitation?DesignA qualitative study using in-depth semi-structured online interviews.ParticipantsA criterion sample of 15 physiotherapists who have worked in rehabilitation for over 10 years and have an interest in an individual’s motivation.InterventionNot applicable.Outcome measuresPhysiotherapists’ perspectives and experiences regarding motivational strategies used depending on the individual’s condition.ResultsA total of nine themes emerged from the data upon thematic analysis and inductive coding. The participants used different strategies to encourage individuals’ active participation in physiotherapy depending on their (1) mental health problems, (2) physical difficulties, (3) level of cognitive function, (4) personality, (5) activities and participation, (6) age, (7) human environment, and (8) type of rehabilitation service where the individual undergoes treatment. For example, in cases where an individual lost self-confidence, participants offered practice tasks that the individual could achieve with little effort to make them experience success. Conversely, for individuals with overconfidence, participants would provide them with a relatively difficult practice task to help them realize the necessity of practice through the experience of failure. The interviews also revealed (9) motivational strategies used regardless of the individual’s condition. For instance, patient-centred communication was used to build a rapport with individuals, irrespective of their condition.ConclusionThis qualitative study is the first to demonstrate motivational strategies that physiotherapists use based on the individual’s condition. Our findings provide a deeper understanding of the selection of motivational strategies in stroke rehabilitation.

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Information provision for stroke survivors and their carers

Cited by 53 publications

References 291 publications

A Scoping Review of Non-Pharmacological, Non-Surgical Secondary Prevention Strategies in Ischaemic Stroke and TIA in National Stroke Guidelines and Clinical Audit Documents

A Scoping Review of Non-Pharmacological, Non-Surgical Secondary Prevention Strategies in Ischaemic Stroke and TIA in National Stroke Guidelines and Clinical Audit Documents

Junior doctors' experiences of the medical internship: a qualitative study

Physiotherapists Use Different Motivational Strategies Tailored to an Individual’s Condition: A Qualitative Study

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