For projects in knowledge-intensive domains, it is crucially important that knowledge management systems are able to track and infer workers' up-to-date information needs so that task-relevant information can be delivered in a timely manner. To put a worker's dynamic information needs into perspective, we propose a topic variation inspection model to facilitate the application of an implicit relevance feedback (IRF) algorithm and collaborative filtering in user modeling. The model analyzes variations in a worker's task-needs for a topic (i.e., personal topic needs) over time, monitors changes in the topics of collaborative actors, and then adjusts the worker's profile accordingly. We conducted a number of experiments to evaluate the efficacy of the model in terms of precision, recall, and F-measure. The results suggest that the proposed collaborative topic variation inspection approach can substantially improve the performance of a basic profiling method adapted from the classical RF algorithm. It can also improve the accuracy of other methods when a worker's information needs are vague or evolving, i.e., when there is a high degree of variation in the worker's topic-needs. Our findings have implications for the design of an effective collaborative information filtering and retrieval model, which is crucial for reusing an organization's knowledge assets effectively.
IntroductionInformation seeking or searching is regarded as the primary activity of knowledge workers when they execute tasks. The 2004 International Data Corporation (IDC) Report (Feldman, 2004) estimated that 90% of a company's accessible information is only used once. If knowledge cannot be accessed easily and reused effectively, the accumulated information is essentially useless and the company's production costs will increase because similar knowledge must be recreated. Thus, successful knowledge management (KM) practices require an understanding of workers' information needs to ensure effective information-seeking activities when they perform long-term tasks.Although some KMSs incorporate information retrieval (IR) functions, workers find it difficult to express their information needs by using short query terms (LaBrie & St. Louis, 2003;Pons-Porrata, Berlanga-Llavori, & Ruiz-Shulcloper, 2007;Ruthven, 2001). In many cases the worker may only have a general idea about a topic and may be uncertain about what information is required to execute the task at hand (Belkin, Oddy, & Brooks, 1982;Jansen, 2005;White, Jose, & Ruthven, 2003, White & Kelly, 2006. The anomalous state of knowledge (ASK) hypothesis, posits that a searcher's information needs arise from an anomaly in the state of knowledge; thus, there is a gap between their knowledge about a task and the perceived requirements of the task. The gap is called the information need and results in information-seeking activities to solve the problem, i.e., satisfy the searcher's information needs (Belkin et al., 1982;Byström & Järvelin, 1995;Mackay, 1960;Taylor, 1968;. To address this problem, we prop...