Informing the Financing of Universal Energy Access: An Assessment of Current Financial Flows

Bazilian, Morgan; Nussbaumer, Patrick; Gualberti, Giorgio; Haites, Erik; Levi, Michael; Siegel, Judy; Kammen, Daniel M.; Fenhann, Jørgen Villy

doi:10.1016/j.tej.2011.07.006

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Bazilian et al (2011) andIEA (2011) acknowledged that the data on financial flows to the energy sector of developing countries in general and that to enhance energy access in particular is rather limited, incomplete and often available at a highly aggregated level. In this section, an overview of overall investment in energy, foreign direct investment, development assistance and carbon finance is presented.…”

Section: Funding Availability To Enhance Electricity Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on data compiled by Bazilian et al (2011) on Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF) for electricity and gas distribution, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Official Development Finance (ODF) for a large set of countries, it can be noticed that the GFCF for electricity and gas distribution has been rising steadily over the past decade (between 2000 and 2009, see Fig. 9.1).…”

Section: Overall Energy Investmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Bazilian et al (2011) and Gualberti et al (2012), the Official Development Finance for energy generation and supply declined in the 1990s amid widespread sector reform initiatives. Since 2000, the ODF has steadily increased and in 2008, ODF for energy represented $9.67 billion (constant 2000 terms)-see Fig.…”

Section: Development Assistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present level of investment is much lower than what is needed to ensure universal electricity access and the gap in funding will be significantly higher for low income countries. Bazilian et al (2011) observe even if LDCs invest entire amount of their energy sector investment to enhance energy access, universal electricity access by 2030 will not be ensured. They estimate that LDCs will need an annual investment of $11.6 billion as against $2.5 billion invested in 2008.…”

Section: Financing Universal Electricity Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the funding needs and possible funding flow in IEA (2011), international financial flows to the energy sector in Bazilian et al (2011);Glemarec (2012) who identifies the private and public sector funding potentials), or micro aspects (e.g. Monroy and Hernandez (2008); (2005) on stakeholder perspectives, Mainali and Silveira (2011);Miller and Hope (2000); ASER (2007) providing country case studies of Nepal, Sri Lanka and Senegal respectively), there is no systematic review of financing issues and options for electrification in developing countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Financing Electrification and Off-Grid Electricity Access Systems

Bhattacharyya

2012

Rural Electrification Through Decentralised Off-Grid Systems in Developing Countries

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This chapter provides a review of financing mechanisms used for energy access in general and off-grid electrification in particular. It reviews the literature on the subject and tries to find answers to issues like whether the funding has been adequate, whether sufficient funding for the future is likely to be available, whether states should take the lead or leave it to the private sector and so on. It also looks at the innovative approaches used in funding and indicates whether small-scale projects can benefit from such initiatives. The chapter finds that in general the state has played an important role in funding infrastructure investments in both developed and developing countries. But many developing countries faced difficulties financially and neglected this for a long time. The gap has been somewhat filled by international donor agencies but their scale of operation so far has been selective and limited and cannot ensure adequate funding for the future. The innovative mechanisms are also unfriendly towards small-scale projects and therefore, do not really provide much hope. The challenge of mobilising finance and ensuring its appropriate delivery and use remains a major issue and would require a co-ordinated effort of all relevant stakeholders.

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Section: Funding Availability To Enhance Electricity Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overall Energy Investmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Development Assistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Financing Universal Electricity Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Financing Electrification and Off-Grid Electricity Access Systems

Bhattacharyya

2012

Rural Electrification Through Decentralised Off-Grid Systems in Developing Countries

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Deconstructing the concept of renewable energy‐based mini‐grids for rural electrification in East Africa

Pedersen¹

2016

WIREs Energy & Environment

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The goal of providing universal energy access to all by 2030 under the UN-led SE4ALL initiative calls for new and innovative solutions to rural electrification and is fuelling the recent interest in mini-grids. Mini-grid solutions are emerging as a third alternative to rural electrification, coming between the option of largescale grid extension and pico-scale stand-alone solutions like solar home systems or solar lanterns. International expectations of mini-grids are high, with the International Energy Agency suggesting that they will play a significant role in reaching the goal of universal access. Based on a detailed review of past, ongoing, and planned mini-grids in East Africa, this study seeks to deconstructs the popular notion of mini-grids for rural electrification in East Africa. The study reveals that so far activities carried out under the heading of mini-grids to a large extent consist of the hybridization of existing utility-owned electricity systems for medium-size towns located far from the grid, which does not necessarily contribute to rural electrification. However, limited but increasing activity is identified regarding the use of mini-grids to bring electricity to rural villages and smaller rural towns. This is of specific interest because it is for this type of mini-grid that the main challenges are to be found with respect to identifying and testing adequate financing, ownership, and business models. Based on the trajectories identified for mini-grids for rural electrification and the challenges identified in the literature, the study concludes by proposing three avenues for further research.

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Electrification Experiences from Sub-Saharan Africa

Bhattacharyya

2012

Green Energy and Technology

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Informing the Financing of Universal Energy Access: An Assessment of Current Financial Flows

Cited by 25 publications

References 38 publications

Financing Electrification and Off-Grid Electricity Access Systems

Financing Electrification and Off-Grid Electricity Access Systems

Deconstructing the concept of renewable energy‐based mini‐grids for rural electrification in East Africa

Electrification Experiences from Sub-Saharan Africa

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