Infraciliary Bands in the Rumen Ophryoscolecid Ciliate Ostracodinium gracile (Dogiel, 1925), Observed by Light Microscopy

Abstract

Morphological features of the rumen ciliate Ostracodinium gracile (Dogiel, 1925) are described from pyridinated silver carbonate-impregnated specimens. Ostracodinium gracile has a characteristic arrangement of infraciliary bands not present in other ophryoscolecid ciliates. Buccal infraciliature is composed of three polybrachykineties. The adoral polybrachykinety does not completely encircle the circumference of the vestibular opening, but arches ventrally from its right to left side. The dorsoadoral polybrachykinety extends laterally along the dorsal side of the vestibular opening. The vestibular polybrachykinety extends along the dorsal wall of the long tubular vestibulum. Dorsal infraciliature consists of the dorsal polybrachykinety that extends laterally along the dorsal side of the body. During binary fission, four primordia, that is ventral, right, left, and dorsal primordia, form in the stomatogenic field and develop into the adoral, dorsoadoral, vestibular, and dorsal polybrachykineties of the opisthe, respectively.

Rumen Ciliate Biota of Domestic Cattle (Bos taurus taurus) in İstanbul, Turkey and Infraciliature of Metadinium medium (Entodiniomorphida, Ophryoscolecidae)

“…However, the shape of the dorso-adoral and vestibular polybrachykineties of the M. medium-type buccal infraciliature differs from that of the O. mammosum-type buccal infraciliature. The O. gracile-type buccal infraciliature pattern has a large dorso-adoral polybrachykinety, S-shape curved vestibular polybrachykinety, and adoral polybrachykinety like the M. medium-type, but no kinety loop is between the adoral and dorso-adoral polybrachykinety (Ito and Imai 1998). The shape and position of the dorsal poly brachykinety are the same in the three buccal infraciliature patterns.…”

“…Ruminal ciliates with the Entodinium-type buccal infraciliature could be ancestral in the family Ophryoscolecidae (Ito and Imai 2005). The Diplodinium-type has adoral, vestibular, and dorsal polybrachykineties, and the adoral and vestibular polybrachykineties have the same width (Ito and Imai 2003 Imai 2003, 2005 (Ito and Imai 1997, 1998, 2001). Ito and Imai (2006) However, the Eodinium-type buccal infraciliature has not been placed in this rank because this species displays an exceptional vestibular polybrachykinety in the family Ophryoscolecidae (Ito and Imai 2003).…”

“…The buccal infraciliature patterns reveal the evolutionary relationship in the family Ophryoscolecidae. Until now, there were 12 buccal infraciliature patterns described for representatives of the family Ophryoscolecidae, including (Ito and Imai 2003, 2006, 2005Ito et al 1997Ito et al , 1998Ito et al , 2001Mishima et al 2009;Noirot-Timothée 1960). The Entodinium-type buccal infraciliature has only adoral and vestibular polybrachykineties with the same width (Ito and Imai 2006;Mishima et al 2009).…”

“…However, the M. medium-type buccal infraciliature pattern looks like that of the Ostra codinium gracile-type and O. mammosum-type buccal infraciliature patterns. Ito et al (1997), Imai (1998), andIto et al (2001) studied buccal infraciliature of Ostracodinium spp. and three buccal infraciliature patterns, such as the O. gracile-type, O. mammo sum-type, and O. damaliscus-type were detected.…”

“…The infraciliary bands were stained using the pyridinated silver carbonate impregnation method (Ito and Imai 1998). The term polybrachykinety was used for infraciliary bands composed of numerous, short, parallel kineties (Fernández-Galiano et al 1985;Imai 1998, 2006).…”