Infrared microspectrometric study of the thermal history of fusion welding of polyethylene

Gueugnaut, D.; Wackernie, P.; Forgerit, J. P.

doi:10.1002/app.1988.070350623

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Since the absorption of synovial proteins results in the presence of esterified fatty acids and cholesterol in the interior of the PE, which produce a peak on an FTIR spectrum in the carbonyl region, the same as oxidation,15, 16 hexane extraction was used to distinguish between the amounts of actual in vivo oxidation and absorbed esterified fatty acids. The percent crystallinity was calculated by comparing the area under the 1897 cm −1 vibration, the crystalline fraction and the area under the 1303 cm −1 vibration, the amorphous fraction 17, 18. The trans‐vinylene index (TVI) was calculated by integrating the area under the trans‐vinylene vibration at 965 cm −1 (integration limits of 950–980 cm −1 ) and normalizing to that under the 1900 cm −1 vibration (integration limits of 1850–1985 cm −1 ) using reported methods 19…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The percent crystallinity was calculated by comparing the area under the 1897 cm 21 vibration, the crystalline fraction and the area under the 1303 cm 21 vibration, the amorphous fraction. 17,18 The trans-vinylene index (TVI) was calculated by integrating the area under the trans-vinylene vibration at 965 cm 21 (integration limits of 950-980 cm 21 ) and normalizing to that under the 1900 cm 21 vibration (integration limits of 1850-1985 cm 21 ) using reported methods. 19…”

Section: Oxidation Index Percent Crystallinity and Trans-vinyl Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examining the influence of short‐term implantation on oxidative degradation in retrieved highly crosslinked polyethylene tibial components

Willie¹,

Foot²,

Prall³

et al. 2007

J Biomed Mater Res

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Concerns remain regarding the oxidative resistance of highly crosslinked polyethylene (PE). The study investigated the in vivo performance of Durasul highly crosslinked PE by comparing the oxidation index, density, and percent crystallinity in the weightbearing and nonweightbearing region of retrieved components with unused time zero tibial components. Retrieved and unused Sulene conventional PE tibial components were examined for comparison and the effects of shelf age, in vivo duration, and ex vivo duration were also investigated. The oxidation index was not significantly different between unused time zero and retrieved Durasul PE components. Regression analysis data supported these findings in that neither shelf age, in vivo duration, nor ex vivo duration was a significant predictor of oxidation index in the retrieved Durasul PE components. In contrast, the retrieved conventional PE components had significantly greater oxidation index, density, and percent crystallinity compared with unused time zero PE components. Regression data suggested that in vivo and ex vivo duration, but not shelf aging, influenced the changes observed in the conventional PE components. These data also showed that in vivo loading did not significantly affect the oxidation index, density, or percent crystallinity in either the retrieved Durasul or conventional PE tibial components. This investigation demonstrates that changes in oxidation index, density, and percent crystallinity of retrieved Durasul PE components after short-term in vivo durations are likely not a clinical concern. These data should be used as a benchmark to compare with future studies examining the long-term oxidative resistance of Durasul highly crosslinked PE tibial components.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Oxidation Index Percent Crystallinity and Trans-vinyl Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the influence of short‐term implantation on oxidative degradation in retrieved highly crosslinked polyethylene tibial components

Willie¹,

Foot²,

Prall³

et al. 2007

J Biomed Mater Res

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“…Following Gueugnaut et al , a polished cross section in the thickness was superficially heated by a hot air jet at a temperature around 80°C for around 90 min. The authors have shown that the transition visible on the micrographs corresponds to the limit between the area that has been melted during the welding operation and the area which did not reach the fusion temperature (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and experimental study of the electrofusion welding process of polyethylene pipes

Chebbo

Vincent

Boujlal

et al. 2014

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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International audienceThe electrofusion welding process is widely used to join polyethylene components in gas distribution networks. This article provides experimental and 3D-finite element tools capable of reproducing the major phenomena that occur during an electrofusion process. A specific version of the 3D- finite element model simulation software Forge® has been developed to take into account the fitting parameters such as polyethylene thermal properties (i.e., melting and crystallization kinetics, phase transition, and thermal contact resistance) and the electrical and geometrical settings (i.e., welding input parameters). From a numerical point of view, a well refined highly anisotropic mesh adaptation is applied to well capture the contact condition between the heat source and the polyethylene. The computed results (temperature, melted, and cold areas) were compared with experimental data and gave very good agreement in terms of temperature and liquid phase fraction distribution

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Infrared Spectroscopy in Analysis of Polymers and Rubbers

Chalmers

2000

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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The infrared spectrum of a polymer or rubber is a profile of its absorption characteristics plotted against infrared wavenumber (or frequency). It is generated when infrared radiation interacts with the molecular moieties that constitute the polymer or rubber material. It is a distinctive property (a “fingerprint”) of the polymer or rubber sample in the form, manner and environment in which it is being examined. It is based on the absorption of infrared radiation at frequencies that match those of the normal modes of vibration within the macromolecule. These absorption features are characteristic of the molecular configuration, sequencing and conformation, and state of order. Absorptions by internal vibrations predominate in the mid‐infrared region (ca. 4000–400 cm −1 ); they involve a few selected atoms in a molecular (functional) grouping, which is a sub‐set of those constituting the macromolecule. External vibrations, such as lattice vibrations, which involve segments of macromolecules in crystalline regions, tend to occur at low wavenumbers (<400 cm −1 ). The intensity of an absorption band is, to a first approximation, proportional to the number density of vibrating species giving rise to that band. The intensity of an absorption band is related to the dipole moment change associated with the molecular vibration; if it is large then the band intensity will be high. Infrared spectroscopy is highly specific. For some quantitative analyses, it can be very precise and sensitive (<0.1%). It is complemented with Raman spectroscopy, for which the selection rules are different and relate band intensity to the change of polarizability occurring during a molecular vibration. Infrared spectroscopy can be used to identify and analyse the molecular structure, composition, order and morphology, both qualitatively and quantitatively, of polymers, copolymers and rubbers and their products. However, for heavily filled and plasticized formulations the spectral interferences may be too high to allow direct or adequate interpretation of a spectrum, and separation of the components will be necessary for unambiguous identifications.

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Infrared microspectrometric study of the thermal history of fusion welding of polyethylene

Cited by 7 publications

References 3 publications

Examining the influence of short‐term implantation on oxidative degradation in retrieved highly crosslinked polyethylene tibial components

Examining the influence of short‐term implantation on oxidative degradation in retrieved highly crosslinked polyethylene tibial components

Numerical and experimental study of the electrofusion welding process of polyethylene pipes

Infrared Spectroscopy in Analysis of Polymers and Rubbers

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