InGaAs avalanche photodiode arrays for simultaneous communications and tracking

Ferraro, Mike S.; Mahon, Rita; Rabinovich, William S.; Freeman, Wade T.; Murphy, James L.; Goetz, Peter G.; Burris, H. R.; Moore, Christopher I.; Thomas, L.; Clark, William R.; Waters, William D.

doi:10.1117/12.895116

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…References such as [2], [3], [4] and [7] discuss the division or split of energy between tracking and data detection channels in an FSO receiver without analyzing the optimization of the energy allocation between the two channels. The authors in [4] and [8] promote communications with an array of avalanche photodiodes. They claim that such arrays can be efficiently utilized for both beam tracking and symbol detection.…”

Section: L R M Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Power Allocation Between Beam Tracking and Symbol Detection Channels in a Free-Space Optical Communications Receiver

Bashir

Alouini

2021

IEEE Trans. Commun.

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Free-space optical (FSO) communications will play an important role in the backhaul of future generation of wireless networks in order to support high data rates. Because of narrow beamwidth inherent to an optical signal, acquisition and tracking form an important component of any FSO communication system. In this study, we have analyzed the optimization of received power allocation between tracking and data channels in an FSO receiver.The objective function that is optimized (minimized) are the probability of error and the probability of outage, and the optimization of power allocation is carried out as a function of parameters such as noise power, pointing error variance, pointing error correlation coefficient, and the threshold of outage. We have analyzed the optimization

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Section: L R M Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Power Allocation Between Beam Tracking and Symbol Detection Channels in a Free-Space Optical Communications Receiver

Bashir

Alouini

2021

IEEE Trans. Commun.

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“…We have shown that large-area InAlAs/InGaAs APDs can deliver as much as 10 dB more sensitivity than PIN-based detectors without sacrificing the bandwidth required for demanding FSO applications [6,7]. When fabricated in an array configuration, these devices are capable of satisfying the performance criteria of a PSD and a data receiver.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…When fabricated in an array configuration, these devices are capable of satisfying the performance criteria of a PSD and a data receiver. Previously, a 2 × 2 100 μm diameter square pixel InAlAs/InGaAs APD array was shown to be effective as both a data receiver and a PSD at modest data rates [6,8]. However, the lack of a central pixel in the 2 × 2 arrays required that the data signals from each pixel be summed, resulting in a 3 dB data sensitivity penalty.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

InAlAs/InGaAs avalanche photodiode arrays for free space optical communication

Ferraro

Clark²,

Rabinovich

et al. 2015

Appl. Opt.

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In free space optical communication, photodetectors serve not only as communications receivers but also as position sensitive detectors (PSDs) for pointing, tracking, and stabilization. Typically, two separate detectors are utilized to perform these tasks, but recent advances in the fabrication and development of large-area, low-noise avalanche photodiode (APD) arrays have enabled these devices to be used both as PSDs and as communications receivers. This combined functionality allows for more flexibility and simplicity in optical system design without sacrificing the sensitivity and bandwidth performance of smaller, single-element data receivers. This work presents the development of APD arrays rated for bandwidths beyond 1 GHz with measured carrier ionization ratios of approximately 0.2 at moderate APD gains. We discuss the fabrication and characterization of three types of APD arrays along with their performance as high-speed photodetectors.

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“…With the development of science and technology, lidar-based tracking and ranging technology is more widely used in many fields, such as aerospace, automatic driving, etc. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. It has significant application value for target search, tracking, motion obstacle avoidance, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Target Tracking and Ranging Based on Single Photon Detection

Liu

Wang

et al. 2021

Photonics

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In order to achieve non-cooperative target tracking and ranging in conditions of a weak echo signal, this paper presents a real-time acquisition, pointing, tracking (APT), and ranging (APTR) lidar system based on single photon detection. With this system, an active target APT mechanism based on a single photon detector is proposed. The target tracking and ranging strategy and the simulation of target APT are presented. Experiments in the laboratory show that the system has good performance to achieve the acquisition, pointing and ranging of a static target, and track a dynamic target (angular velocity around 3 mrad/s) under the condition of extremely weak echo signals (a dozen photons). Meanwhile, through further theoretical analysis, it can be proven that the mechanism has stronger tracking and detection ability in long distance. It can achieve the active tracking of the target with a lateral velocity of hundreds of meters per second at about one hundred kilometers distance. This means that it has the ability of fast long-distance non-cooperative target tracking and ranging, only by using a single-point single photon detector.

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InGaAs avalanche photodiode arrays for simultaneous communications and tracking

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Optimal Power Allocation Between Beam Tracking and Symbol Detection Channels in a Free-Space Optical Communications Receiver

Optimal Power Allocation Between Beam Tracking and Symbol Detection Channels in a Free-Space Optical Communications Receiver

InAlAs/InGaAs avalanche photodiode arrays for free space optical communication

Target Tracking and Ranging Based on Single Photon Detection

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