Inhalation of nebulized omega-3 fatty acids mitigate LPS-induced acute lung inflammation in rats: Implications for treatment of COPD and COVID-19

Kocherlakota, Chandrashekhar; Nagaraju, Banda; Narala, Arjun; Srinath, Akula; Kothapalli, Kumar S.D.; Brenna, J. Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2022.102426

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 147 publications

(142 reference statements)

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“…Previous studies have found that IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, and IL-1β were elevated in lung inflammation [26,27]. Zhang et al found that BA could reduce the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and inflammatory infiltration of lung tissue in BALF and improve the pathological changes in lung tissue [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Baicalin Ameliorates Radiation-Induced Lung Injury by Inhibiting the CysLTs/CysLT1 Signaling Pathway

Bao

Wang

Zhu

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective. Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a common complication of radiotherapy for thoracic tumors. This study investigated the alleviating effect of baicalin (BA) on RILI and its possible mechanism. Methods. RILI model was established by chest irradiation (IR) of C57BL/6 mice for 16 weeks. Different concentrations of BA were administered, and dexamethasone (DXM) was used as a positive control. Then, the lung pathological changes were observed by HE and Masson staining. The levels of TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, CysLT, LTC4, and LTE4 were measured by ELISA. The CysLT1 expression was detected by qPCR, immunohistochemistry, and western blot. Type II AEC cells were pretreated with LTD-4 to establish the RILI cell model and intervened with different concentrations of BA. Then, the collagen I protein level was measured by ELISA. The CysLT1 and α-SMA expression were detected by qPCR, immunofluorescence, and western blot. Results. BA could effectively improve lung histopathological changes and pulmonary fibrosis. In vivo, BA could inhibit the levels of TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and reduce the levels of CysLT, LTC4, and LTE4. In vitro, different concentrations of LTD4 could reduce the viability of type II AEC cells, which could be reversed by the administration of different concentrations of BA. In addition, BA could reduce CysLT1 mRNA, as well as CysLT1 and α-SMA protein levels in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion. BA attenuated lung inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the CysLTs/CysLT1 pathway, thereby protecting against RILI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Baicalin Ameliorates Radiation-Induced Lung Injury by Inhibiting the CysLTs/CysLT1 Signaling Pathway

Bao

Wang

Zhu

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Most of SPMs are produced from long-chain omega-3 fatty acids of EPA and DHA (35,36). Interestingly in an animal study inhalation of nebulized omega-3 fatty acids attenuated lung in ammation and thrombosis as a possible treatment for acute respiratory distress such as COVID-19 (37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between omega-3 intake and the severity and symptoms of Covid-19

Ramezani,

Khademi,

Milajerdi

2024

Preprint

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Background and Aims: Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3 PUFAs) may exert beneficial effects on the immune system of patients with viral infections. This paper aimed to examine the effect of n3 PUFA on severity and symptoms in critically ill patients with COVID 19Methods In a cross-sectional study, 250 COVID-19 patients between the ages of 18 and 65 were enrolled. To gauge dietary omega-3 consumption, a validated 168-item online food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used. The severity of COVID-19 was determined using the COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines, and symptoms were assessed using a common questionnaire. Crude and modified analyses were carried out. (Model 1: age, sex, and energy intake; Model 2: Model 1 + physical activity, supplements, corticosteroids, and antiviral drugs; Model 3: Model 2 + body mass index).Results The mean age of participants was 44.06 ± 11.84 years, and 46% of them had severe COVID-19. Patients at the highest tertile of dietary omega-3 intake had lower serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers, including CRP (10.25 ± 13.12 vs. 25.20 ± 24.89 mg/L, p < 0.001) and ESR (14.55 ± 15.02 vs. 29.13 ± 2.26 mm/hr, p < 0.001), than those at the lowest tertile. After controlling for potential confounders, we observed that a higher dietary omega-3 intake was associated with a lower odds of severe COVID-19 (OR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.22–0.79).Conclusion We found that higher intake of dietary omega-3 was inversely associated with COVID-19 severity and symptoms.

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“…Beneficial effects of omega-3 FAs in the lungs have also been shown experimentally. [28][29][30][31][32] In vitro, the omega-3 fatty acid-derived small lipid molecule, resolvin E1, reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines and stress-related proteins in human alveolar epithelial cells. 28 In animal studies, dietary or pharmacological supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids protected against experimentally-induced airway inflammation and resulting lung pathology, and accelerated lung tissue recovery following lung injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28 In animal studies, dietary or pharmacological supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids protected against experimentally-induced airway inflammation and resulting lung pathology, and accelerated lung tissue recovery following lung injury. [29][30][31][32] In clinical studies of acute lung injury, omega-3 fatty acid supplementation decreased inflammation in the lungs and accelerated respiratory function recovery, as recently reviewed. 33 Altogether, the anti-inflammatory effects of omega-3 fatty acids in the lungs are well established, providing strong biologic plausibility that support our findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating associations of omega-3 fatty acids, lung function decline, and airway obstruction

Patchen

Balte

Bartz

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Rationale: Inflammation contributes to lung function decline and the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Omega–3 fatty acids have anti–inflammatory properties and may benefit lung health. Objectives: Investigate associations of omega–3 fatty acids with lung function decline and incident airway obstruction in adults of diverse races/ethnicities from general population cohorts. Methods: Complementary study designs: (1) longitudinal study of plasma phospholipid omega–3 fatty acids and repeated FEV1 and FVC measures in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Pooled Cohorts Study, and (2) two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study of genetically predicted omega–3 fatty acids and lung function parameters. Measurements and Main Results: The longitudinal study found that higher omega–3 fatty acid concentrations were associated with attenuated lung function decline in 15,063 participants, with the largest effect sizes for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). One standard deviation higher DHA was associated with an attenuation of 1.8 mL/year for FEV1 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3–2.2) and 2.4 mL/year for FVC (95% CI 1.9–3.0). One standard deviation higher DHA was also associated with a 9% lower incidence of spirometry–defined airway obstruction (95% CI 0.86–0.97). DHA associations persisted across sexes, smoking histories, and Black, white and Hispanic participants, with the largest magnitude associations in former smokers and Hispanics. The MR study showed positive associations of genetically predicted omega–3 fatty acids with FEV1 and FVC, with statistically significant findings across multiple MR methods. Conclusions: The longitudinal and MR studies provide evidence supporting beneficial effects of higher circulating omega–3 fatty acids, especially DHA, on lung health.

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Inhalation of nebulized omega-3 fatty acids mitigate LPS-induced acute lung inflammation in rats: Implications for treatment of COPD and COVID-19

Cited by 9 publications

References 147 publications

Baicalin Ameliorates Radiation-Induced Lung Injury by Inhibiting the CysLTs/CysLT1 Signaling Pathway

Baicalin Ameliorates Radiation-Induced Lung Injury by Inhibiting the CysLTs/CysLT1 Signaling Pathway

The relationship between omega-3 intake and the severity and symptoms of Covid-19

Investigating associations of omega-3 fatty acids, lung function decline, and airway obstruction

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