Inhalation Toxicity of Acrylic Acid

Miller, R. R.; Ayres, Joe; Jersey, G. C.; McKenna, Michael J.

doi:10.1093/toxsci/1.3.271

Cited by 16 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…There was a reduction in the number of layers of sensory cells from 8 to 3 (Plate 15), unlike the effect seen after inhalation of methyl bromide (14), where there was folding of the epithelium. In other areas there was focal epithelial necrosis.…”

Section: Single Exposure Studymentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Olfactory epithelial respiratory metaplasia (Plate 8) has been reported after inhalation of acrylic acid (14), ethyl acrylate (21), dimethylamine (20), furfuraldehyde (23), and dimethylethylamine (unpublished data). It has not been confirmed whether this is a true respiratory epithelium or an epithelium that lost its sensory cells and was composed of basal and sustentacular cells.…”

Section: Regeneration/repairmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Nonneoplastic Changes in the Olfactory Epithelium. Experimental Studies

Gaskell¹

1990

Environmental Health Perspectives

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Interest in the olfactory mucosa has increased in recent years, since it has been shown to possess a considerable amount of cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase activity and a wide variety of chemicals have been identified as olfactory toxins. Many chemicals induce lesions of a general nature in the olfactory mucosa, i.e., inflammation, degeneration, regeneration, and proliferation, whereas others cause more specific effects.Changes in the olfactory mucosa with reference to chemicals that initiate them are reviewed in this paper. Studies with 3-trifluoromethyl pyridine (3FMP) illustrate some of these general changes and show the importance of examining the olfactory mucosa at early time periods. The earliest damage seen by light microscopy was 6 hr after a single inhalation exposure to 3FMP, and by day 3, early regenerative changes were observed. Changes were seen by electron microscopy 30 min after an oral dose, and the primary site of toxicity appeared to be the Bowman's glands.Although atrophy of nerve bundles in the lamina propria would be the expected consequence of severe necrosis of the sensory cells, this is not always the case. Exposure to irritants such as acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, and dimethylamine results in nerve bundle atrophy, but with chemicals such as 3FMP, 3-methylindole, and 3-methylfuran-which are activated by mixed-function oxidases-the nerve bundles remain intact. Future work, including metabolism studies, will provide more information on the mode of action of these chemicals.

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Section: Single Exposure Studymentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Regeneration/repairmentioning

confidence: 92%

Nonneoplastic Changes in the Olfactory Epithelium. Experimental Studies

Gaskell¹

1990

Environmental Health Perspectives

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“…Acrylates An effect of ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, and acrylic acid on olfactory epithelium in animals was reported more than 20 years ago (Miller et al 1981). Despite these findings, little attention has been devoted to olfactory function of industrial workers exposed to these industrial chemicals.…”

Section: Other Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory toxicity: long-term effects of occupational exposures

Gobba

2006

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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To date, knowledge of the effect of chronic occupational exposure to industrial chemicals on olfactory function is largely incomplete, but supports the hypothesis that olfactory neuroepithelium is susceptible to environmental exposures to chemicals. Occupational-related olfactory impairment is usually sub-clinical, and can be only detected using adequate quantitative olfactory function testing procedures. Available data show the need for further good quality research in this field.

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“…Inhalation studies with glycol ether acetates, acrylate esters, dibasic esters, acetic acid, and acrylic acid have revealed a common response of the olfactory epithelium to both short-term and chronic exposure (10)(11)(12)(13)(14) (17,18), and the dibasic esters (12).…”

Section: Carboxylesterase Toxicology Of Chronic Inhalation Exposure Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotransformation Enzymes in the Rodent Nasal Mucosa: The Value of a Histochemical Approach

Bogdanffy¹

1990

Environmental Health Perspectives

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An increasing number of chemicals have been identified as being toxic to the nasal mucosa of rats. While many chemicals exert their effects only after inhalation exposure, others are toxic following systemic administration, suggesting that factors other than direct deposition on the nasal mucosa may be important in mechanisms of nasal toxicity. The mucosal lining of the nasal cavity consists of a heterogeneous population of ciliated and nonciliated cells, secretory cells, sensory cells, and glandular and other cell types. For chemicals that are metabolized in the nasal mucosa, the balance between metabolic activation and detoxication within a cell type may be a key factor in determining whether that cell type will be a target for toxicity. Recent research in the area of xenobiotic metabolism in nasal mucosa has demonstrated the presence of many enzymes previously described in other tissues. In particular, carboxylesterase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, cytochromes P-450, epoxide hydrolase, and glutathione S-transferases have been localized by histochemical techniques. The distribution of these enzymes appears to be cell-type-specific and the presence of the enzyme may predispose particular cell types to enhanced susceptibility or resistance to chemical-induced injury. This paper reviews the distribution of these enzymes within the nasal mucosa in the context oftheir contribution to xenobiotic metabolism. The localization of the enzymes by histochemical techniques has provided important information on the potential mechanism of action of esters, aldehydes, and cytochrome P-450 substrates known to injure the nasal mucosa.

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Inhalation Toxicity of Acrylic Acid

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Nonneoplastic Changes in the Olfactory Epithelium. Experimental Studies

Nonneoplastic Changes in the Olfactory Epithelium. Experimental Studies

Olfactory toxicity: long-term effects of occupational exposures

Biotransformation Enzymes in the Rodent Nasal Mucosa: The Value of a Histochemical Approach

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