Inhaled underground subway dusts may stimulate multiple pathways of cell death signals and disrupt immune balance

Park, Eun Jung; Kim, Soo Nam; Lee, Gwang Hee; Jo, Young Min; Yoon, Cheol Yong; Kim, Dong Wan; Cho, Jae-Woo; Han, Ji Seok; Lee, Sang Jin; Seong, Eunsol; Park, Eun-Jun; Oh, Inkyung; Lee, Hong Soo

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2020.109839

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…A commercial rodent diet (Nestle Purina, Gyeonggi-do, Korea) and autoclaved tap water were provided ad libitum. In our previous studies, inhaled subway dust induced the most severe inflammation at a concentration of 50 μg/mouse, but not 200 μg/mouse [29] , inhaled PM10-induced inflammation also showed a tendency to reach a maximum at a concentration of 50 μg/mouse [31] . In this study, mice were mildly anesthetized by isoflurane inhalation (4%, Hana Pharm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…The BAL cells (100 μL) were also mounted on a sliding glass by centrifugation (800 rpm) (Shandon Cytospin 4, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA, USA), dipped in a Diff-Quik solution (Sysmex, Kobe, Japan) and classified as macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes, or eosinophils based on morphological characteristics (BX51, Olympus, Tokyo, Japan). In addition, the expression level of surface proteins on BAL cells and the composition of splenocytes were analyzed according to a protocol described in our previous study [29] , [30] .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, a maximum of 50 μg per time was dosed to mice, and we used 1.5 mL per lung for BAL lavage. In this regard, the effect of CPM on cell viability was evaluated using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)− 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide solution as described previously [29] . CPM (a maximum concentration of 40 μg/mL) was exposed to MH-S cells for 24 h, and the cells were then fixed in primary and secondary fixing solutions, dehydrated, embedded in Spurr’s resin, and placed for 24 h at 70 °C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 69%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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“…In this study, the IAQ in an underground station, a representative multi-use facility, was analyzed with a focus on the particulate pollutant composition because the negative effects of metallic particle contamination have been increasingly emphasized by studies, including a study that estimated the cancer risk of PM 10 -bound metals collected in a Seoul subway cabin [38] and a study on the effect of excessive Fe exposure on immune function, with respect to the suppression of the antibody production capacity of the individual [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Iron Oxide from Indoor Air at a Subway Station Using a Vegetation Biofilter: A Case Study of Seoul, Korea

et al. 2021

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Recently, metallic particulate pollutants floating underground have been reported to negatively affect the human body. Thus, there is an urgent need for a public health policy pertaining to the air quality in subway stations. In this study, we investigated whether a vegetation biofilter is effective in reducing metal particle contaminants, especially iron oxide. After selecting a subway station, a vegetation biofilter system was installed, and samples were collected three times, at three intake areas and one exhaust area. The average weight ratio of the detected elements was calculated. The iron oxide reduction effect was evaluated using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. In the return air, C, O, and Fe were detected at 64.9, 27.3, and 5.2 wt.%, respectively; in the supply air, C, O, and Fe were detected at 67.2, 30.4, and 0.7 wt.%, respectively. The difference in the average Fe weight ratio was statistically significant. Air quality has a considerable effect on human health. We confirmed the possibility of reducing Fe in particulate matter using biofilters. However, we could not confirm whether the air quality was improved enough to not have a negative effect on the human body. This should be elucidated through follow-up studies.

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Subway Fine Particles (PM_2.5)‐Induced Pro‐Inflammatory Response Triggers Airway Epithelial Barrier Damage Through the TLRs/NF‐κB‐Dependent Pathway In Vitro

Zeng,

Pang,

et al. 2024

Environmental Toxicology

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Subways are widely used in major cities around the world, and subway fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is the main source of daily PM2.5 exposure for urban residents. Exposure to subway PM2.5 leads to acute inflammatory damage in humans, which has been confirmed in mouse in vivo studies. However, the concrete mechanism by which subway PM2.5 causes airway damage remains obscure. In this study, we found that subway PM2.5 triggered release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 17E, tumor necrosis factor α, transforming growth factor β, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin from human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS‐2B) in a dose–effect relationship. Subsequently, supernatant recovered from the subway PM2.5 group significantly increased expression of the aforementioned cytokines in BEAS‐2B cells compared with the subway PM2.5 group. Additionally, tight junctions (TJs) of BEAS‐2B cells including zonula occludens‐1, E‐cadherin, and occludin were decreased by subway PM2.5 in a dose‐dependent manner. Moreover, supernatant recovered from the subway PM2.5 group markedly decreased the expression of these TJs compared with the control group. Furthermore, inhibitors of toll‐like receptors (TLRs) and nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB), as well as chelate resins (e.g., chelex) and deferoxamine, remarkably ameliorated the observed changes of cytokines and TJs caused by subway PM2.5 in BEAS‐2B cells. Therefore, these results suggest that subway PM2.5 induced a decline of TJs after an initial ascent of cytokine expression, and subway PM2.5 altered expression of both cytokines and TJs by activating TLRs/NF‐κB‐dependent pathway in BEAS‐2B cells. The metal components of subway PM2.5 may contribute to the airway epithelial injury.

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Inhaled underground subway dusts may stimulate multiple pathways of cell death signals and disrupt immune balance

Cited by 9 publications

References 46 publications

Subchronic pulmonary toxicity of ambient particles containing cement production–related elements

Subchronic pulmonary toxicity of ambient particles containing cement production–related elements

Removal of Iron Oxide from Indoor Air at a Subway Station Using a Vegetation Biofilter: A Case Study of Seoul, Korea

Subway Fine Particles (PM_2.5)‐Induced Pro‐Inflammatory Response Triggers Airway Epithelial Barrier Damage Through the TLRs/NF‐κB‐Dependent Pathway In Vitro

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Inhaled underground subway dusts may stimulate multiple pathways of cell death signals and disrupt immune balance

Cited by 9 publications

References 46 publications

Subchronic pulmonary toxicity of ambient particles containing cement production–related elements

Subchronic pulmonary toxicity of ambient particles containing cement production–related elements

Removal of Iron Oxide from Indoor Air at a Subway Station Using a Vegetation Biofilter: A Case Study of Seoul, Korea

Subway Fine Particles (PM2.5)‐Induced Pro‐Inflammatory Response Triggers Airway Epithelial Barrier Damage Through the TLRs/NF‐κB‐Dependent Pathway In Vitro

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Subway Fine Particles (PM_2.5)‐Induced Pro‐Inflammatory Response Triggers Airway Epithelial Barrier Damage Through the TLRs/NF‐κB‐Dependent Pathway In Vitro