Inherently unstable networks collapse to a critical point

Sheinman, Michael; Sharma, Abhinav; Alvarado, José; Koenderink, Gijsje H.; MacKintosh, F. C.

doi:10.1103/physreve.92.012710

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Recently, Sheinman et al [1] introduced the No-Enclave Percolation (NEP) model to explain the motordriven collapse of a model cytoskeletal system studied by Alvarado et al [2]. The NEP model, which has received a great deal of attention [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], is based upon regular random percolation in which all clusters collapse, and what remains are solid clusters that represent the gelled regions. The authors of [1] consider a region surrounded by sites of other clusters and the NEP clusters are composed of occupied sites within the region.…”

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confidence: 99%

No-Enclave Percolation Corresponds to Holes in the Cluster Backbone

Ziff

Deng

2016

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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The no-enclave percolation (NEP) model introduced recently by Sheinman et al. can be mapped to a problem of holes within a standard percolation backbone, and numerical measurements of such holes give the same size-distribution exponent τ=1.82(1) as found for the NEP model. An argument is given that τ=1+d_{B}/2≈1.822 for backbone holes, where d_{B} is the backbone dimension. On the other hand, a model of simple holes within a percolation cluster yields τ=1+d_{f}/2=187/96≈1.948, where d_{f} is the fractal dimension of the cluster, and this value is consistent with the experimental results of gel collapse of Sheinman et al., which give τ=1.91(6). This suggests that the gel clusters are of the universality class of percolation cluster holes. Both models give a discontinuous maximum hole size at p_{c}, signifying explosive percolation behavior.

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confidence: 99%

No-Enclave Percolation Corresponds to Holes in the Cluster Backbone

Ziff

Deng

2016

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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“…Previous works have suggested that network percolation drives a rigidity transition in cytoskeletal networks. [ 37 ] Here, we test the influence of connectivity and binding kinetics to understand the origin of the observed fluid‐solid transition. First, we observe that catch bonds give rise to an increase in bound motor population within a network ( Figure a), suggesting that the overall connectivity may be causing this mechanical response.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, we observe that catch bonds give rise to an increase in bound motor population within a network ( Figure a), suggesting that the overall connectivity may be causing this mechanical response. [ 37,38 ] Since an increase in bound motors is also observed by increasing the concentration of ideal bonds, we calculate the network connectivity for networks composed of ideal and catch bonds separately in order to isolate the effects of binding kinetics on the mechanical transition. Network connectivity is calculated by counting the average number of neighboring filaments 〈 z 〉 that each filament is connected to through a motor using 〈 z 〉 = 2 N m / N f , where N m is the number of motors connecting each filament to other filaments and N f is the total number of filaments within the system (Figure 4b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detailed Balance Broken by Catch Bond Kinetics Enables Mechanical‐Adaptation in Active Materials

Tabatabai

Seara

Tibbs

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

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Unlike nearly all engineered materials which contain bonds that weaken under load, biological materials contain “catch” bonds which are reinforced under load. Consequently, materials, such as the cell cytoskeleton, can adapt their mechanical properties in response to their state of internal, non‐equilibrium (active) stress. However, how large‐scale material properties vary with the distance from equilibrium is unknown, as are the relative roles of active stress and binding kinetics in establishing this distance. Through course‐grained molecular dynamics simulations, the effect of breaking of detailed balance by catch bonds on the accumulation and dissipation of energy within a model of the actomyosin cytoskeleton is explored. It is found that the extent to which detailed balance is broken uniquely determines a large‐scale fluid‐solid transition with characteristic time‐reversal symmetries. The transition depends critically on the strength of the catch bond, suggesting that active stress is necessary but insufficient to mount an adaptive mechanical response.

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“…A recent discovery found that a biologically relevant active polymer network under fragmentation can self-organise itself to exhibit a scale-invariant signature of a critical system [74,75]. While the exponents observed are close to that of the static percolation universality class [76,77], the question of whether the critical phenomenon in active network actually belongs to the static percolation universality class remains unsettled [78,79,80,81].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Novel physics arising from phase transitions in biology

Lee¹,

Wurtz²

2018

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Phase transitions, such as the freezing of water and the magnetisation of a ferromagnet upon lowering the ambient temperature, are familiar physical phenomena. Interestingly, such a collective change of behaviour at a phase transition is also of importance to living systems. From cytoplasmic organisation inside a cell to the collective migration of cell tissue during organismal development and wound healing, phase transitions have emerged as key mechanisms underlying many crucial biological processes. However, a living system is fundamentally different from a thermal system, with driven chemical reactions (e.g., metabolism) and motility being two hallmarks of its nonequilibrium nature. In this review, we will discuss how driven chemical reactions can arrest universal coarsening kinetics expected from thermal phase separation, and how motility leads to the emergence of a novel universality class when the rotational symmetry is spontaneously broken in an incompressible fluid.

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Inherently unstable networks collapse to a critical point

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

No-Enclave Percolation Corresponds to Holes in the Cluster Backbone

No-Enclave Percolation Corresponds to Holes in the Cluster Backbone

Detailed Balance Broken by Catch Bond Kinetics Enables Mechanical‐Adaptation in Active Materials

Novel physics arising from phase transitions in biology

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