Inhibition of chemically induced liver carcinogenesis in Wistar rats by garlic (Allium sativum)

Samaranayake, M.D.P.; Wickramasinghe, Susiji; Angunawela, Preethika; Jayasekera, S.; Iwai, Shuji; Fukushima, Shoji

doi:10.1002/1099-1573(200011)14:7<564::aid-ptr664>3.0.co;2-z

Cited by 34 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…2). Garlic powder diets inhibited the pre-initiation, post-initiation, and promotion stages of hepatocarcinogenesis (Park and Choi, 1997;Samaranayake et al, 2000). Some OSCs by intragastric intubation even promoted hepatocarcinogenesis (Takada et al, 1994;Fukushima et al, 1998), or DAS and DADS that was administered in the diet and suspended in distilled water, suppressed hepatocarcinogenesis (Jang et al, 1989;HarberMignard et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reasons for these discrepancies are unclear, but possible explanations include the differences in feeding methods, differences in dosage of garlic or OSCs, or the feeding periods. Feeding the garlic powder as food or in the diet had an inhibitory effect (Park and Choi, 1997;Samaranayake et al, 2000). However, it was not determined whether or not OSCs were protective, depending on the dosage, feeding method, and organ observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, garlic and/or its organosulfur compounds (OSCs) reportedly suppress carcinogen-induced tumors in various organs of animals. These include the mouth (Meng and Shyu, 1990), esophagus (Wargovich, 1988), colorectus (Cheng et al, 1995), breast (Schaffer et al, 1997), skin (Singh and Shukla, 1998), and liver (Park and Choi, 1997;Samaranayake et al, 2000). Therefore, garlic has been proven to possess potent chemopreventive capability to inhibit cancers of various species, organs, or carcinogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anticarcinogenic Effect and Modification of Cytochrome P450 2E1 by Dietary Garlic Powder in Diethylnitrosamine-Initiated Rat Hepatocarcinogenesis

Park¹,

Kweon²,

Choi³

2002

BMB Reports

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The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of dietary garlic powder on diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis and cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in weaning male Sprague-Dawley rats by using the medium-term bioassay system of Ito et al. The rats were fed diets that contained 0, 0.5, 2.0 or 5.0% garlic powder for 8 weeks, beginning the diets with the intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of DEN. The areas of placental glutathione S-transferase (GST-P) positive foci, an effective marker for DEN-initiated lesions, were significantly decreased in the rats that were fed garlicpowder diets; the numbers were significantly decreased only in the 2.0 and 5.0% garlic-powder diets. The pnitrophenol hydroxylase (PNPH) activities and protein levels of CYP 2E1 in the hepatic microsomes of the rats that were fed the 2.0 and 5.0% garlic powder diet were much lower than those of the basal-diet groups. Pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylase (PROD) activity and CYP 2B1 protein level were not influenced by the garlic-powder diets and carcinogen treatment. Therefore, the suppression of CYP 2E1 by garlic in the diet might influence the formation of preneoplastic foci during hepatocarcinogenesis in rats that are initiated with DEN.Keywords: Cytochrome P450 2E1, Garlic powder, Hepatocarcinogenesis, Placental glutathione S-transferase positive foci, p-Nitrophenol hydroxylase IntroductionLiver cancer, one of the most common malignant neoplasms, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Japan and Korea (Korea National Statistical Office, 2000).Chemoprevention offers an effective means of controlling the incidence of liver cancer. Dietary habits have been reported to significantly modify the initiation, promotion, and progression stages in carcinogenesis (Schorah, 1999). Garlic (Allium sativum), used extensively as a flavoring agent or spice in foods, exhibits medicinal properties. These include immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antimutagenic, and anticarcinogenic effects (Agarwal, 1996). The anticarcinogenic property of garlic has been documented from both epidemiological and experimental studies. Some, but not all, epidemiological studies have suggested that the consumption of garlic or allium vegetables can decrease cancer incidences in the stomach, esophagus, or colorectus (Fleischauer et al., 2000). Also, garlic and/or its organosulfur compounds (OSCs) reportedly suppress carcinogen-induced tumors in various organs of animals. These include the mouth (Meng and Shyu, 1990), esophagus (Wargovich, 1988), colorectus (Cheng et al., 1995), breast (Schaffer et al., 1997), skin (Singh and Shukla, 1998), and liver (Park and Choi, 1997Samaranayake et al., 2000). Therefore, garlic has been proven to possess potent chemopreventive capability to inhibit cancers of various species, organs, or carcinogens.The mechanism of cancer inhibition by garlic is not clearly understood, but garlic may inhibit cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2E1. This enzyme is involved in the bioformation of various endobiotics and xenobiotics, including ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anticarcinogenic Effect and Modification of Cytochrome P450 2E1 by Dietary Garlic Powder in Diethylnitrosamine-Initiated Rat Hepatocarcinogenesis

Park¹,

Kweon²,

Choi³

2002

BMB Reports

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“…GST-P-positive hepatocyte foci with a diameter greater than 0.15 mm (14,15) were measured with the KS-300 program (Kontron Elektronic, Germany) using a Nikon (Microphot-FXA, Japan) photomicroscope connected to a microcomputer. Data are reported as GST-P-positive PNL number (n/cm 2 liver section) and aggregated area (mm 2 / cm 2 liver section).…”

Section: Immunohistochemistry For Gst-pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water extracts of cabbage and kale inhibit ex vivo H2O2-induced DNA damage but not rat hepatocarcinogenesis

Horst

Ong

Jordão

et al. 2010

Braz J Med Biol Res

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0.05) placental glutathione S-transferase-positive preneoplastic lesions (PNL). The number of apoptotic bodies did not differ (P > 0.05) among the experimental groups. Ex vivo hydrogen peroxide treatment of rat livers resulted in lower (P < 0.05) DNA strand breakage in cabbage- (107.6 ± 7.8 µm) and kale- (110.8 ± 10.0 µm) treated animals compared with control (120.9 ± 12.7 µm), as evaluated by the single cell gel (comet) assay. Treatment with cabbage (2 ± 0.3 µg/g) or kale (4 ± 0.2 µg/g) resulted in increased (P < 0.05) hepatic lutein concentration compared with control (0.5 ± 0.07 µg/g). Despite the absence of inhibitory effects of cabbage and kale aqueous extracts on PNL, these Brassica vegetables presented protection against DNA damage, an effect possibly related to increased hepatic lutein concentrations. However, it must be pointed out that the cause-effect relationship between lutein levels and protection is hypothetical and remains to be demonstrated.]]>

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“…Many investigations are now being carried out to discover naturally occurring compounds which can suppress or prevent the process of carcinogenesis. 3,4 Epidemiological studies continue to support the premise that dietary intake of Allium vegetables such as garlic may reduce the risk of different types of malignancies, included tumors of the liver, 5 lung, 6 skin, 7 stomach in rodents. 8 The protective effect against cancer of Allium vegetables is attributed to organosulfur compounds (OSC) including diallyl sulfide, diallyl disulfide (DADS), and/or diallyl trisulfide (DATS).These compounds have an immunomodulatory effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrapathological evaluation of the anticancer effect of blackseed (Nigella sativa) and garlic (Allium sativum) in mice

Nouh

2013

Vet Sci Develop

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In this experimental work, 120 virgin female mice (body weight 40±10 gm) were divided into 6 equal groups. Mice in Group 1 served as a control. Mice in Groups 2 and 3 were fed on a basal diet provided with 100 mg/kg b.wt from each of blackseed (Nigella sativa) and garlic (Allium sativum), respectively, for one month. Mice in Group 4 were inoculated subcutanously (S/C) with Ehrlich tumor cells after one month from the start of the experiment. Mice in Groups 5 and 6 were treated similarly to those in Groups 3 and 4, respectively, for one month and then immediately inoculated S/C with Ehrlich tumor cells (ETC, 0

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Inhibition of chemically induced liver carcinogenesis in Wistar rats by garlic (Allium sativum)

Cited by 34 publications

References 15 publications

Anticarcinogenic Effect and Modification of Cytochrome P450 2E1 by Dietary Garlic Powder in Diethylnitrosamine-Initiated Rat Hepatocarcinogenesis

Anticarcinogenic Effect and Modification of Cytochrome P450 2E1 by Dietary Garlic Powder in Diethylnitrosamine-Initiated Rat Hepatocarcinogenesis

Water extracts of cabbage and kale inhibit ex vivo H2O2-induced DNA damage but not rat hepatocarcinogenesis

Ultrapathological evaluation of the anticancer effect of blackseed (Nigella sativa) and garlic (Allium sativum) in mice

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