Inhibition of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 (DPP IV) Activity by Some Indonesia Edible Plants

Abstract

Background: Some edible plants are promising to control blood sugar level. These plants contained phenolic substances that suggested to be able to inhibit dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP IV). Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of several selected Indonesia plants on inhibiting of DPP IV activity and to determine the total phenolic content of the most active extract. Methods: Twelve Indonesia edible plants were macerated using 80% ethanol at room temperature. DPP IV activity was evaluated by using glycyl-prolyl-7-amino-4-methyl coumarin (Gly-Pro-AMC) substrate and the inhibitory effect of extracts were determined based on the level of free AMC group by measuring its fluorescence on excitation wavelength 350-360 nm and an emission wavelength 450-465 nm using a microplate reader. Total phenolic contents of the active extracts were determined with Folin-Ciocalteu 1:4 on 765 nm using microplate reader. Total anthocyanins from extract were determined using the pH differential method. Results: Among the tested samples, the extract of Ipomoea batatas roots at a concentration of 10 µg/mL showed the highest inhibition, followed by Cajanus cajan leaves and Gnetum gnemon rind, with percentage inhibition of 28.8, 24.9 and 24.1, respectively. I. batatas extract have an IC 50 value of 65.53 µg/mL, while the IC 50 value of the positive control Sitagliptin 9.37 µg/mL. Total phenolic content from the extracts of I. batatas, C. cajan and G. gnemon rind extract were 279.3; 152.8; and 141.3 mg GAE/gram, respectively. Total anthocyanin from I. batatas extract was 462.14 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside/L. Conclusion: The extract of I. batatas showed the highest inhibition on DPP IV among other plants investigated and showed high content of phenolic compound and anthocyanin that correlated with activity as inhibitor DPP IV.

Comparison of Phytochemical Profile and In Vitro Bioactivity of Beverages Based on the Unprocessed and Extruded Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Seed Byproduct

“…EB10 showed a better value of IC 50 (0.11 mg/mL) than UB10 (0.30 mg/mL) about DPP4 enzyme inhibition ( Table 3 ). These values are similar to those reported by Meiliza et al [ 56 ] for the infusion of Camellia sinensis (IC 50 = 0.2 mg/mL) and lower than those observed by Amin et al [ 57 ] for Ipomoea batata root extract (IC 50 = 0.065 mg/mL). The higher DPP4 inhibition values generated by EB10 are due to the presence of specific phenolics [ 58 ].…”

Effects of Different Dietary Flavonoids on Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV Activity and Expression: Insights into Structure–Activity Relationship

“…Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has gradually developed into a serious global disease with a tremendous burden to human health. , The International Diabetes Federation predicted that the number of patients with diabetes worldwide will increase to 642 million in 2040 . Some of the medical therapeutic strategies toward T2DM include lowering postprandial blood sugar (α-glucosidase inhibitor), enhancing insulin signaling (insulin sensitizer), and increasing insulin secretion. − Among these strategies, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor increases insulin secretion and has drawn wide attention as a new treatment strategy for T2DM. , DPP-IV is widely distributed in human tissues and effectively degrades two crucial glucose-regulating hormones, namely, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and those two hormones can stimulate insulin secretion to lower blood glucose .…”

“…1,2 The International Diabetes Federation predicted that the number of patients with diabetes worldwide will increase to 642 million in 2040. 3 Some of the medical therapeutic strategies toward T2DM include lowering postprandial blood sugar (α-glucosidase inhibitor), enhancing insulin signaling (insulin sensitizer), and increasing insulin secretion. 4−6 Among these strategies, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor increases insulin secretion and has drawn wide attention as a new treatment strategy for T2DM.…”

Alpha-glucosidase and DPP-IV Inhibitory Activities of Ethanol Extract from Caesalpinia sappan, Andrographis paniculata, and Syzygium cumini

“…The DPP-IV inhibitor activity of the extract was determined based on the levels of free AMC groups by measuring its fluorescence at 350-360 nm as excitation wavelength and 450-465 nm as emission wavelength using a microplate reader. 31 The inhibitory activity of the DPP-IV enzyme was tested on all single extracts (40 µg/mL), combined extract (40 µg/mL) and sitagliptin (100 µM) as a positive control.…”