Inhibition of embryonic development by microcystin-LR in zebrafish, Danio Rerio

Dose-dependent effects of extracted microcystins on embryonic development, larval growth and histopathological changes of southern catfish (Silurus meridionalis)

“…However, Jacquet et al (2004) report that effects by ambient exposure through submersion of embryos and fry in contaminated water might be variable because the chorion of the medaka (Oryzias latipes) and zebra fish (D. rerio) act as a barrier to these toxins. Wang et al (2005) report that sensitivity to MCs exposure is variable among fish species, and the most plausible explanation is the difference in membrane permeability of MCs. The egg of zebra fish has a diameter of 1 mm and a developing duration of 80 h, and is often used as a model to monitor aquatic pollution (Wang and Yin, 2004;Zhang et al, 2006).…”

“…In recent years, there have been several studies to examine the toxic effect of MCs on the embryonic development and larval growth of aquatic organisms (Oberemm et al, 1997Wiegand et al, 1999;Liu et al, 2002;Wang et al, 2005;Wright et al, 2006;Malbrouck and Kestemont, 2006;Palı´kova´et al, 2007). Oberemm et al (1999) report that the early life stage of fish or amphibians may be more vulnerable to cyanobacterial toxins than juveniles or adults due to lower mobility to avoid contamination.…”

“…Toxic effects of MCs on embryonic development are stage-specific (Liu et al, 2002;Jacquet et al, 2004). MCs can result in retarded development, low hatching rate and high malformation (Oberemm et al, 1997Wiegand et al 1999;Liu et al, 2002;Jacquet et al, 2004;Wang et al, 2005). MCs are believed to affect larval or juvenile development with high mortality, growth inhibition and histopathological changes (Oberemm et al, 1997;Palı´kova´et al, 2004).…”

“…Many studies report that pure MC-LR can result in severe damage in embryos using a microinjection technology, and they think that external exposure to MCs is a limitation to fish embryonic development (Jacquet et al, 2004;Wang et al, 2005). However, some experiments using crude (cells) extracts as toxicants observed prominent inhibition effects of MCs on development of embryos, which were incubated in toxicant solution (Oberemm et al, 1997Palı´kova´et al, 2004Palı´kova´et al, , 2007Bury´sˇkovaé t al., 2006).…”

Relationships among cyanobacteria, zooplankton and fish in sub-bloom conditions in the Sulejow Reservoir

“…The negative responses of fish exposed to cyanotoxins, especially MCs, are not limited to hepatotoxicity, but also include nephrotoxicity, immunotoxicity or changes in biochemical and hematological parameters (Rodger et al, 1994;Kotak et al, 1996;Malbrouck and Kestemont, 2006;Chen et al, 2009;Kopp et al, 2009;Qiu et al, 2009;Sieroslawska et al, 2012). Developmental processes and behaviors can also be disturbed (Oberemm et al, 1999;Baganz et al, 2004;Wang et al, 2005). An additional problem is the risk of MC bioaccumulation that can occur in fish over their relatively long life span and the effect this can have on public health.…”