Inhibition of <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> complex isolates from AIDS patients by garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i>)

Deshpande, Rajashri G.; Khan, Mahfuz; Bhat, Deepashree A.; Navalkar, R. G.

doi:10.1093/jac/32.4.623

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Garlic is used worldwide as a condiment and food and has been used as prophylactic and therapeutic agent for gastrointestinal tract diseases, dysenteries, typhoid fever (Ushimaru et al 2007), cholera (Politi et al 2006) and tuberculosis (Deshpande et al 1993). The literature study on phytochemical investigation revealed that garlic contains mainly allicin (diallyl thiosulfinate), diallyl disulfide, vinyl-dithiin and ajoene [(E,Z) 4,5,9-trithiadodeca-1,6,11-triene-9-oxide].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of anti-leishmanial activity of selected Indian plants known to have antimicrobial properties

et al. 2009

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The severe toxicity, exorbitant cost and the emerging resistance of Leishmania spp. against most of the currently used drugs led to the urgent need for exploiting our traditional Ayurvedic knowledge to treat visceral leishmaniasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro anti-leishmanial activity of various extracts from ten traditionally used Indian medicinal plants. The methanolic extract from only two plants, Withania somnifera Dunal (ashwagandha) and Allium sativum Linn. (garlic), showed appreciable activity against Leishmania donovani. Further active compounds from these two plants were isolated and purified based on bioactivity-guided fractionation. HPLC-purified fraction A6 of ashwagandha and G3 of garlic showed consistently high activity with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) of 12.5 +/- 4 and 18.6 +/- 3 microg/ml against promastigotes whereas IC(50) of 9.5 +/- 3 and 13.5 +/- 2 microg/ml against amastigote form, respectively. The fraction A6 of ashwagandha was identified as withaferin A while fraction G3 of garlic is yet to be identified, and the work is in progress. Cytotoxic effects of the promising fractions and compounds were further evaluated in the murine macrophage (J774G8) model and were found to be safe. These compounds showed negligible cytotoxicity against J774G8 macrophages. The results indicate that fraction A6 of ashwagandha and fraction G3 of garlic might be potential sources of new anti-leishmanial compounds. The in vivo efficacy study and further optimization of these active compounds are in progress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of anti-leishmanial activity of selected Indian plants known to have antimicrobial properties

et al. 2009

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“…A wide range of microorganisms including bacteria, fungi, protozoa and viruses have been shown to be sensitive to crushed garlic preparations (Cavallito & Bailey, 1944;Cavallito, Buck, & Suter, 1944;Delaha & Garagusi, 1985;Deshpande, Khan, Bhat, & Navalkar, 1993;Ghannoum, 1988;Soffar & Mokhtar, 1991). Moreover, garlic has been reported to reduce blood lipid and cholesterol levels (Gebhardt & Beck, 1996), anticancer effects and aging prevention (Hong, Ham, Choi, & Kim, 2000;Nakagawa et al, 2001;Sheen, Li, Sheu, Meng, & Tsai, 1996;Wu, Chung, Tsai, Yang, & Sheen, 2004 functions, have been intensively performed, whereas there are few studies on the biological effects of garlic by-products such as garlic shoot, leaf, and inner scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-listerial properties of garlic shoot juice at growth and morphology of Listeria monocytogenes

2007

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“…Although herbal medicines such as Chaulmoogra oil and its purified esters from Hydnocarpus species have long been used for the treatment of leprosy [4], and a few reports have shown anti‐ M. avium activity of a crude extract of Allium sativum [5, 6], the role of chemically defined substances from plants as antimycobacterial agents has not been established. In the present study, we investigated eight chemically defined natural substances from the tropical flora in the Caribbean island of Guadeloupe as well as an essential oil fraction, and report on their activity against M. tuberculosis, M. avium and M. kansasii , which have recently emerged as major opportunistic infections among AIDS patients [1, 2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimycobacterial activity of chemically defined natural substances from the Caribbean flora in Guadeloupe

Rastogi¹,

Abaul²,

Goh³

et al. 1998

FEMS Immunology &Amp; Medical Microbiology

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Eight chemically defined, naturally occurring compounds were extracted from the tropical flora of the Caribbean island of Guadeloupe: pilocarpine, an alkaloid from Pilocarpus racemosus ; heraclenol and isomeranzin, coumarins from Triphasia trifolia; lochnerin, an indole alkaloid from Rauwolfia biauriculata; ibogaine and voacangine, indole alkaloids from Tabernaemontana citrifolia ; texalin, an oxazole from Amyris elemifera; and canellal, a sesquiterpene dialdehyde from Canella winterana. An essential oil fraction from Canella winterana was also tested. The antimycobacterial activity of these substances was tested against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. avium and M. kansasii using the Middlebrook 7H11 agar medium, the Bactec 460-TB radiometric methodology, and determination of bacterial viable counts. Three compounds, namely ibogaine, voacangine and texalin, showed antimycobacterial activity. Investigations on the structure-modification and structure-activity relationships of these compounds may help determine new targets for future drug development. z 1998 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.

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Inhibition of Mycobacterium avium complex isolates from AIDS patients by garlic (Allium sativum)

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of anti-leishmanial activity of selected Indian plants known to have antimicrobial properties

Evaluation of anti-leishmanial activity of selected Indian plants known to have antimicrobial properties

Anti-listerial properties of garlic shoot juice at growth and morphology of Listeria monocytogenes

Antimycobacterial activity of chemically defined natural substances from the Caribbean flora in Guadeloupe

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