Inhibition of nitric oxide production by clerodane diterpenoids from leaves and stems of <i>Croton poomae</i> Esser

Somteds, Apisara; Tantapakul, Cholpisut; Kanokmedhakul, Kwanjai; Laphookhieo, Surat; Phukhatmuen, Piyaporn; Kanokmedhakul, Somdej

doi:10.1080/14786419.2019.1667350

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Studies have revealed that important pharmacological properties such as antiproliferative [ 17 ], anti-inflammatory [ 33 ], and insecticidal [ 13 ] activities which were present in C. dichogamus could be attributed to the high concentration of terpenoids [ 34 ] whose presence was also confirmed in the current study. Another study [ 32 ] also indicated that approximately 25 terpenoids were isolated from the root extracts of C. dichogamus .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Phytochemical Analysis and Investigation of the Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Croton dichogamus Pax Crude Root Extracts

Matara

Nguta

Musila

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Background. Increasing antimicrobial resistance has led to an arduous search for new potent drugs from nature. In this search, plants have proved to be rich reservoirs of efficacious medicinal components that manage ailments. The current study is designed to investigate the phytochemical composition, antimicrobial activity, and the cytotoxicity of the crude root extracts of Croton dichogamus, a shrub that is commonly used in the eastern Africa for the management of infectious diseases. Methods. The roots of Croton dichogamus were obtained, dried, ground, and extracted using three solvents (acetone, distilled water, and 50% ethanol). The antimicrobial activity was tested using agar well diffusion and microbroth dilution techniques against five human pathogens. The brine shrimp lethality assay was used to assess the toxic effect. Results. The phytochemical screening indicated the presence of terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, polyuronides, saponins, and anthracenes. The brine shrimp lethality assay indicated that all the extracts were highly cytotoxic with LC50 values below 100 μg/ml. Acetonic extract had an LC50 value of 4.148 μg/ml, hydroethanolic extract had 76.09 μg/ml, and aqueous extract had 42.61 μg/ml. All extracts showed the antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (B. cereus and S. aureus) and a fungal organism, C. albicans. The extracts showed no antibacterial effect on the Gram-negative bacterial strains (P. aeruginosa and E. coli) at a concentration of 250 mg/ml. The highest antimicrobial activity was demonstrated by the acetonic extract on B. cereus which had an MIC of 10.42 mg/ml and a zone of inhibition of 17.33 ± 0.58 at a concentration of 250 mg/ml. Conclusion. In this research work, we report that C. dichogamus had the antimicrobial activity confirming the folklore claim. The results made a strong case for isolation of novel anticancer lead compounds.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Phytochemical Analysis and Investigation of the Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Croton dichogamus Pax Crude Root Extracts

Matara

Nguta

Musila

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…LPS-stimulated murine-derived RAW264.7 macrophages have been widely used as a bioassay to investigate anti-inflammatory activity [48,49] (55), ajugacumbin J (56), and 6α-acetoxyteuscordin (63) were found to inhibit NO production [50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59], and compounds 12 and 13 were further found to reduce IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α production in dose-responsive manners [50].…”

Section: Clerodane Diterpenoids With Anti-inflammatory Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

The drug likeness analysis of anti-inflammatory clerodane diterpenoids

2020

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Inflammation is an active defense response of the body against external stimuli. Long term low-grade inflammation has been considered as a deteriorated factor for aging, cancer, neurodegeneration and metabolic disorders. The clinically used glucocorticoids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are not suitable for chronic inflammation. Therefore, it’s urgent to discover and develop new effective and safe drugs to attenuate inflammation. Clerodane diterpenoids, a class of bicyclic diterpenoids, are widely distributed in plants of the Labiatae, Euphorbiaceae and Verbenaceae families, as well as fungi, bacteria, and marine sponges. Dozens of anti-inflammatory clerodane diterpenoids have been identified on different assays, both in vitro and in vivo. In the current review, the up-to-date research progresses of anti-inflammatory clerodane diterpenoids were summarized, and their druglikeness was analyzed, which provided the possibility for further development of anti-inflammatory drugs.

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“…Some Croton species have a long history of use in traditional medicine in Asia, Africa, and South America, such as in the treatment of cancer, constipation, diabetes, digestive problems, dysentery, fever, high blood pressure, inflammation, intestinal parasites, malaria, and weight loss [ 2 , 3 ]. Previous phytochemical investigations of Croton revealed that the major constituents were diterpenoids [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ], sesquiterpenes [ 8 ], triterpenes [ 9 ], and glycosides [ 10 ] exhibiting cytotoxic [ 11 ], anti-inflammatory [ 12 ], and antifungal activities [ 9 ]. C. argyratus is an important ethnic medicine, mainly distributed in Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand, and other Southeast Asian countries [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Croargoids A–G, Eudesmane Sesquiterpenes from the Bark of Croton argyratus

Sun

et al. 2022

Molecules

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Seven new sesquiterpenes, named croargoid A–G (1–7), were isolated from the bark of Croton argyratus. Compounds 1–4 were the first examples of eudesmane sesquiterpene lactones containing C5-OH group. Compound 7 was a highly degraded eudesmane sesquiterpene possessing a rare eleven-carbon skeleton. Their structures with stereochemistry were mainly elucidated by NMR analyses in combination with MS and ECD data. Cytotoxicities and NO inhibitions of all isolates were evaluated and only compound 5 showed moderate NO inhibitory activity.

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Inhibition of nitric oxide production by clerodane diterpenoids from leaves and stems of Croton poomae Esser

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Phytochemical Analysis and Investigation of the Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Croton dichogamus Pax Crude Root Extracts

Phytochemical Analysis and Investigation of the Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Croton dichogamus Pax Crude Root Extracts

The drug likeness analysis of anti-inflammatory clerodane diterpenoids

Croargoids A–G, Eudesmane Sesquiterpenes from the Bark of Croton argyratus

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