2018
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-02988-5
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Inhibition of overactive TGF-β attenuates progression of heterotopic ossification in mice

Abstract: Acquired heterotopic ossification (HO) is a painful and debilitating disease characterized by extraskeletal bone formation after injury. The exact pathogenesis of HO remains unknown. Here we show that TGF-β initiates and promotes HO in mice. We find that calcified cartilage and newly formed bone resorb osteoclasts after onset of HO, which leads to high levels of active TGF-β that recruit mesenchymal stromal/progenitor cells (MSPCs) in the HO microenvironment. Transgenic expression of active TGF-β in tendon ind… Show more

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Cited by 164 publications
(173 citation statements)
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“…In addition, VEGF is essential for bone vascularization, fracture repair, and chondro-and osteogenic precursor function. Finally, the increased production of TGF-β found in our study correlates with recent findings where TGF-β levels are elevated in human heterotopic ossification and can trigger heterotopic ossification (25). Further investigation of whether local tissue-resident macrophages are affected by the ACVR1 R206H mutation, and whether communication with other immune cell lineages occurs, remain important challenges to overcome.…”
Section: I N I C a L M E D I C I N Esupporting
confidence: 87%
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“…In addition, VEGF is essential for bone vascularization, fracture repair, and chondro-and osteogenic precursor function. Finally, the increased production of TGF-β found in our study correlates with recent findings where TGF-β levels are elevated in human heterotopic ossification and can trigger heterotopic ossification (25). Further investigation of whether local tissue-resident macrophages are affected by the ACVR1 R206H mutation, and whether communication with other immune cell lineages occurs, remain important challenges to overcome.…”
Section: I N I C a L M E D I C I N Esupporting
confidence: 87%
“…We found a trend toward elevated levels of TGF-β1 in stimulated FOP macrophages, but it was not statistically significant, likely due to biological variability. These results suggest that M2 macrophages may contribute to the fibrosis (70, 71) seen in developing heterotopic ossification lesions (25). Phagocytic abilities of FOP macrophages showed no major differences from control macrophages (Supplemental Figure 6).…”
Section: I N I C a L M E D I C I N Ementioning
confidence: 70%
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