Inhibition of phytopathogenic fungi <i>in vitro</i> by cell free culture media of ectomycorrhizal fungi

Kope, H. H.; Fortin, J. A.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1989.tb02395.x

Cited by 47 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…13). Kope and Fortin (1990) revealed much variation in basidiospore spine morphology of various provenances. Monokaryotic cultures of the four mating types of the two isolates were paired and were found to be not compatible.…”

Section: Microscopic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variations of ectomycorrhizal fungi: extramatrical phase of Pisolithus sp.

Lamhamedi¹,

Fortin²

1991

Can. J. Bot.

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LAMHAMEDI, M. S., and FOKTIN, J. A. 1991. Genetic variations of ectomycorrhizal fungi: extramatrical phase of Pisolirhus sp. Can. J . Bot. 69: 1927Bot. 69: -1934. The ability of 28 monokaryons and 78 reconstituted dikaryons of Pisolirhus sp. from South Africa to form rnycelial strands in association with Pinus pinusrer was tested under aseptic and non-aseptic conditions. All monokaryotic and some dikaryotic cultures failed to form mycelial strands either on agar medium or in growth pouches. The remaining dikaryotic cultures showed wide genetic variation in the development of mycelial strands and in the extension of their extrarnatrical phase. The exploration of the surrounding environment by the extramatrical phase from synthesized Pirzus pirzuster -dikaryotic cultures of the Pisolittzl~s sp. depended largely upon the type of medium used, being more extensive in soil than on nutrient agar medium. Microscopic observation showed that mycelial strands were formed by aggregations of hyphae. Large central hyphae with disorganized cytoplasm were observed in some strands. The results are discussed in relation to nutrient and water absorption.Key \vords: Pisolitlzus sp., Pirzus pi~zaster, genetic, extramatrical phase, mycelial strands. LAMHAMEDI, M. S., et FORTIN, J . A. 1991. Genetic variations of ectomycorrhizal fungi: extramatrical phase of Pisolitlzus sp. Can. J. Bot. 69 : 1927-1934. La capacite de 28 monocaryons et de 78 dicaryons provenant d'Afrique du Sud de former des cordons rnycCliens a Ct C testCe sous des conditions steriles et non stkriles. Tous les monokaryons et certains dikaryons n'ont pas form6 des cordons myceliens en milieu gtlosC et en sachet de croissance. Le reste des cultures dikaryotiques ont montrC une large variabilitk g6nCtique quant au developpement des cordons myckliens et i I'extension de la phase extramatricielle. L'exploration de la phase extrarnatricielle, issue de I'association symbiotique Pirzus pirzusrer-dikaryons de Pisolirhus sp. depend du milieu environnant et a Ctd plus extensive sur le sol que sur le milieu nutritif gdosk. Les observations microscopiques ont lnontre que les cordons mycCliens sont formes par des aggregations d'hyphes. Les cytoplasmes dCsorganisCs ont CtC observes chez les larges hyphcs centraux. Les resultats sont discutCs en relation avec I'absorption de I'eau et des ClCrnents nutritifs.

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Section: Microscopic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variations of ectomycorrhizal fungi: extramatrical phase of Pisolithus sp.

Lamhamedi¹,

Fortin²

1991

Can. J. Bot.

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“…It has been shown that mycorrhizal fungi have the enzymatic capacity to degrade a range of organic compounds (Leake & Read, 1997) and that some species may make limited use of more recalcitrant components such as fungal cell-wall material (Dighton et al, 1987 ;Leake & Read, 1990 ;Kerley & Read, 1995. It has also been shown that substances produced by mycorrhizal fungi can induce hyphal lysis in a range of phytopathogenic fungi (Kope & Fortin, 1989. Lysis of saprotrophic hyphae is not necessarily a result of combative activity of the mycorrhizal fungi.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Translocation of ³²P between interacting mycelia of a wood‐decomposing fungus and ectomycorrhizal fungi in microcosm systems

Lindahl¹,

Stenlid²,

Olsson³

et al. 1999

New Phytologist

136

110

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Interactions between saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal fungi have been largely ignored, although their mycelia often share the same microsites. The mycelial systems show general similarity to each other and, although the enzymatic potential of the saprotrophic fungi is generally considered to be higher, the importance of organic nutrient sources to ectomycorrhizal fungi is now widely accepted. In the experiments described here, nutritional interactions involving transfer of elements from one mycelium to the other have been monitored dynamically using radioactive tracers and a non-destructive electronic autoradiography system. Microcosms were used in which mycelial systems of the ectomycorrhizal fungi Suillus variegatus and Paxillus involutus, extending from Pinus sylvestris host plants, were confronted with mycelia of the saprotroph Hypholoma fasciculare extending from wood blocks. The fungi showed a clear morphological confrontation response. The mycorrhizal mycelium often formed dense patches over the Hypholoma mycelia. Up to 25 % of the $#P present in the Hypholoma mycelium was captured by the mycorrhizal fungi and translocated to the plant host within 30 d. The transfer of $#P to the saprotroph from labelled mycorrhizal mycelium was one to two orders of magnitude lower. The significance of this transfer as a ' short cut ' in nutrient cycling is discussed.

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“…Essas associações melhoram a capacidade de absorção e utilização dos nutrientes (Bougher et al, 1990;Thomson et al, 1994), de absorção de água (Levy & Krikun, 1980), de tolerân-cia a condições desfavoráveis do solo (Wilkins, 1991) e de resistência a microrganismos patogênicos ou deletérios (Marx, 1969;Kope & Fortin, 1989;Newsham et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efeito de inoculante ectomicorrízico produzido por fermentação semi-sólida sobre o crescimento de Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden

Alves

Souza

Podlech

et al. 2001

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O crescimento de Eucalyptus é favorecido por fungos ectomicorrízicos (FECM).De ocorrência comum nas plantações florestais, os FECM diferem, entretanto, em infectividade e eficiência. O objetivo deste estudo foi testar a compatibilidade e a eficiência do inoculante ectomicorrízico produzido por fermentação semi-sólida, em relação a Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden. Neste sentido, o inoculante de Pisolithus sp., produzido por fermentação semi-sólida em vermiculita-solução nutritiva, foi aplicado ao substrato turfa-vermiculita (30:70, v/v) nas concentrações de 0, 1, 3, 5 e 10% (v/v) que foi semeado com E. dunnii, e mantido em casa de vegetação. A inoculação proporcionou colonização radicular e aumento da matéria seca da parte aérea e do conteúdo de P em razão da concentração do inoculante. O peso da matéria seca das plantas com 1% de inoculante não diferiu do peso das testemunhas. A 3% e 5%, a matéria seca aumentou 62%. O maior valor foi obtido com 10% de inoculante, onde o peso das plantas foi 73% superior ao das testemunhas, e o teor de P, 130%. Resultados semelhantes foram obtidos em relação à raiz. Altura e diâmetro foram positivamente afetados pela inoculação, mas não a relação raiz/parte aérea. As doses mais eficientes de inoculante foram aquelas de 3% ou superiores. Este método de produção deverá ser testado com outros FECM, e sua eficiência, avaliada em viveiro e no campo.Termos para indexação: Pisolithus, inoculação, eficácia, fósforo, absorção. Effect of ectomycorrhizal inoculum produced by solid state fermentation on growth of Eucalyptus dunnii MaidenAbstract -Growth of Eucalyptus can be improved by ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECMF). Although widespread in forest plantations, ECMF differ in infectivity and effectiveness, hence the need of selection of compatible and efficient ECMF and the establishment of inoculum production methods. The objective of this study was to test compatibility and efficiency of the ectomycorrizal inoculum produced by solid state fermentation, in relation to Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden. For this purpose, inoculum of Pisolithus sp. was produced by solid state fermentation in vermiculite + nutrient solution and applied to peat:vermiculite (30:70 v/v) at 0, 1, 3, 5 and 10% (v/v). Seeds of E. dunnii were sown and kept in a glasshouse. Inoculation promoted root colonization, plant growth and phosphorus (P) uptake depending upon inoculum concentration. Plant dry matter with 1% inoculum did not differ from that of the controls. At 3% and 5%, plants had 60% more dry matter than the controls. At 10%, inoculum shoot dry weight (dw) was 70% higher, and P content was 130% higher than that of the controls. Similar results were obtained in relation to root dw. Height and diameter were also positively affected by inoculation. Root:shoot ratios were not influenced. The most efficient doses were those at 3% inoculum or higher. This method of inoculum production needs to be tested with other ECMF and its efficiency must be evaluated in the nursery and in the field.

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Inhibition of phytopathogenic fungi in vitro by cell free culture media of ectomycorrhizal fungi

Cited by 47 publications

References 22 publications

Genetic variations of ectomycorrhizal fungi: extramatrical phase of Pisolithus sp.

Genetic variations of ectomycorrhizal fungi: extramatrical phase of Pisolithus sp.

Translocation of ³²P between interacting mycelia of a wood‐decomposing fungus and ectomycorrhizal fungi in microcosm systems

Efeito de inoculante ectomicorrízico produzido por fermentação semi-sólida sobre o crescimento de Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden

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Inhibition of phytopathogenic fungi in vitro by cell free culture media of ectomycorrhizal fungi

Cited by 47 publications

References 22 publications

Genetic variations of ectomycorrhizal fungi: extramatrical phase of Pisolithus sp.

Genetic variations of ectomycorrhizal fungi: extramatrical phase of Pisolithus sp.

Translocation of 32P between interacting mycelia of a wood‐decomposing fungus and ectomycorrhizal fungi in microcosm systems

Efeito de inoculante ectomicorrízico produzido por fermentação semi-sólida sobre o crescimento de Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden

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Translocation of ³²P between interacting mycelia of a wood‐decomposing fungus and ectomycorrhizal fungi in microcosm systems