Inhibition of the Arp2/3 complex impairs early embryo development of porcine parthenotes

Li, Yinghua; Xu, Yong‐Nan; Lin, Zili; Kwon, Jeongwoo; Cui, Xiang‐Shun; Kim, Nam‐Hyung

doi:10.1080/19768354.2016.1228545

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The gene ARPC2 is a subunit of the Arp2/3 complex which controls actin polymerization and is also highly conserved 105,106 . The complex is important for early embryo development and preimplantation in pigs and mice 107,108 . ARPC2 expression has been identified in the BeWo trophoblastic cell line used to investigate placental function 109 and is subject to RNA editing in placentas associated with intrauterine growth restriction/small for gestational age (SGA) 110 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accounting for diverse evolutionary forces reveals the mosaic nature of selection on genomic regions associated with human preterm birth

LaBella

Abraham

Pichkar

et al. 2019

Preprint

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35Human pregnancy requires the coordinated function of multiple tissues in both mother and fetus and has 36 evolved in concert with major human adaptations. As a result, pregnancy-associated phenotypes and 37 related disorders are genetically complex and have likely been sculpted by diverse evolutionary forces. 38 However, there is no framework to comprehensively evaluate how these traits evolved or to explore the 39 relationship of evolutionary signatures on trait-associated genetic variants to molecular function. Here we 40develop an approach to test for signatures of diverse evolutionary forces, including multiple types of 41 selection, and apply it to genomic regions associated with spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB), a complex 42 disorder of global health concern. We find that sPTB-associated regions harbor diverse evolutionary 43 signatures including evolutionary sequence conservation (consistent with the action of negative selection), 44 excess population differentiation (local adaptation), accelerated evolution (positive selection), and 45 balanced polymorphism (balancing selection). Furthermore, these genomic regions show diverse 46 functional characteristics which enables us to use evolutionary and molecular lines of evidence to develop 47 54Mammalian pregnancy requires the coordination of multiple maternal and fetal tissues 1,2 and extensive 55 modulation of the maternal immune system so that the genetically distinct fetus is not immunologically 56 rejected 3 . Given this context, pregnancy-related phenotypes and disorders are likely to have experienced 57 diverse selective pressures. This is particularly likely on the human lineage where pregnancy has been 58 shaped by unique human adaptations such as bipedality and enlarged brain size 4-8 . One major disorder of 59 pregnancy is preterm birth (PTB), a complex multifactorial syndrome 9 that affects 10% of pregnancies in 60 the United States and more than 15 million pregnancies worldwide each year 10,11 . PTB leads to increased 61 infant mortality rates and significant short-and long-term morbidity [11][12][13][14] . Risk for PTB varies 62 substantially with race, environment, comorbidities, and genetic factors 15 . PTB is broadly classified into 63 iatrogenic PTB, when it is associated with medical conditions such as preeclampsia (PE) or intrauterine 64 growth restriction (IUGR), and spontaneous PTB (sPTB), which occurs in the absence of preexisting 65 medical conditions or is initiated by preterm premature rupture of membranes [16][17][18][19] . The biological 66 pathways contributing to sPTB remain poorly understood 9 , but diverse lines of evidence suggest that 67 maternal genetic variation is an important contributor 20-24 . 68The complexity of human pregnancy and association with unique human adaptations raise the hypothesis 69 that genetic variants associated with birth timing and sPTB have been shaped by diverse evolutionary 70 forces. Consistent with this hypothesis, several immune genes involved in pregnancy have signatures of 71 recent purifyin...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accounting for diverse evolutionary forces reveals the mosaic nature of selection on genomic regions associated with human preterm birth

LaBella

Abraham

Pichkar

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The high expression was noted at the four cells stage and then gradually decreased through to the blastocyst stage. Synthesis of Arp2 was detected to rising from one cell to four cells then significantly decreased at morula stages through the blastocyst stages [88]. The actin cytoskeleton is essential for conceptus elongation as constricted regions along the filamentous conceptuses contain polarised trophoblast cells with a distinct F actin array.…”

Section: Molecular Characterisation Of Down-regulated Deps During 9d 12d and 16d Of Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterisation of Uterine Endometrial Proteins during Early Stages of Pregnancy in Pigs by MALDI TOF/TOF

Pierzchała

Liput

Korwin-Kossakowska

et al. 2021

IJMS

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The molecular mechanism underlying embryonic implantation is vital to understand the correct communications between endometrium and developing conceptus during early stages of pregnancy. This study’s objective was to determine molecular changes in the uterine endometrial proteome during the preimplantation and peri-implantation between 9 days (9D), 12 days (12D), and 16 days (16D) of pregnant Polish Large White (PLW) gilts. 2DE-MALDI-TOF/TOF and ClueGOTM approaches were employed to analyse the biological networks and molecular changes in porcine endometrial proteome during maternal recognition of pregnancy. A total of sixteen differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified using 2-DE gels and MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. Comparison between 9D and 12D of pregnancy identified APOA1, CAPZB, LDHB, CCT5, ANXA4, CFB, TTR upregulated DEPs, and ANXA5, SMS downregulated DEPs. Comparison between 9D and 16D of pregnancy identified HP, APOA1, ACTB, CCT5, ANXA4, CFB upregulated DEPs and ANXA5, SMS, LDHB, ACTR3, HP, ENO3, OAT downregulated DEPs. However, a comparison between 12D and 16D of pregnancy identified HP, ACTB upregulated DEPs, and CRYM, ANXA4, ANXA5, CAPZB, LDHB, ACTR3, CCT5, ENO3, OAT, TTR down-regulated DEPs. Outcomes of this study revealed key proteins and their interactions with metabolic pathways involved in the recognition and establishment of early pregnancy in PLW gilts.

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Accounting for diverse evolutionary forces reveals mosaic patterns of selection on human preterm birth loci

et al. 2020

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Currently, there is no comprehensive framework to evaluate the evolutionary forces acting on genomic regions associated with human complex traits and contextualize the relationship between evolution and molecular function. Here, we develop an approach to test for signatures of diverse evolutionary forces on trait-associated genomic regions. We apply our method to regions associated with spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB), a complex disorder of global health concern. We find that sPTB-associated regions harbor diverse evolutionary signatures including conservation, excess population differentiation, accelerated evolution, and balanced polymorphism. Furthermore, we integrate evolutionary context with molecular evidence to hypothesize how these regions contribute to sPTB risk. Finally, we observe enrichment in signatures of diverse evolutionary forces in sPTB-associated regions compared to genomic background. By quantifying multiple evolutionary forces acting on sPTB-associated regions, our approach improves understanding of both functional roles and the mosaic of evolutionary forces acting on loci. Our work provides a blueprint for investigating evolutionary pressures on complex traits.

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Inhibition of the Arp2/3 complex impairs early embryo development of porcine parthenotes

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Accounting for diverse evolutionary forces reveals the mosaic nature of selection on genomic regions associated with human preterm birth

Accounting for diverse evolutionary forces reveals the mosaic nature of selection on genomic regions associated with human preterm birth

Molecular Characterisation of Uterine Endometrial Proteins during Early Stages of Pregnancy in Pigs by MALDI TOF/TOF

Accounting for diverse evolutionary forces reveals mosaic patterns of selection on human preterm birth loci

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