Inhibition of the renal uptake of p-aminohippurate and tetraethylammonium by the antioxidant ethoxyquin in the rat

Hernández, María del Carmen; Reyes, José L.; Gómez-Lojero, Carlos; Sayavedra, Marta S.; Meléndez-Camargo, María Estela

doi:10.1016/0278-6915(93)90192-2

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Detrimental effects of EQ were also seen when the experiments were performed at the cell metabolism level. Hernandez et al [ 64 ] and Reyes et al [ 65 ] analysed the impact of EQ on the metabolic pathways of rat renal and hepatic cells, as well as on mitochondria and submitochondrial particles obtained from bovine heart and kidney. They observed influence of EQ on energy processes in cells.…”

Section: Adverse Effects Of Eq: In Vivo and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethoxyquin: An Antioxidant Used in Animal Feed

Błaszczyk

Augustyniak

Skolimowski

2013

International Journal of Food Science

101

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Ethoxyquin (EQ, 6-ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline) is widely used in animal feed in order to protect it against lipid peroxidation. EQ cannot be used in any food for human consumption (except spices, e.g., chili), but it can pass from feed to farmed fish, poultry, and eggs, so human beings can be exposed to this antioxidant. The manufacturer Monsanto Company (USA) performed a series of tests on ethoxyquin which showed its safety. Nevertheless, some harmful effects in animals and people occupationally exposed to it were observed in 1980's which resulted in the new studies undertaken to reevaluate its toxicity. Here, we present the characteristics of the compound and results of the research, concerning, for example, products of its metabolism and oxidation or searching for new antioxidants on the EQ backbone.

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Section: Adverse Effects Of Eq: In Vivo and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethoxyquin: An Antioxidant Used in Animal Feed

Błaszczyk

Augustyniak

Skolimowski

2013

International Journal of Food Science

101

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“…Radioactivity was measured in a liquid scintillation counter (Packard Tri Carb, mod 3255, Instrumental Technion, Mexico City, Mexico), and corrections for quenching and background were made. Nonspecific uptake was determined in another group of slices incubated in the presence of radioactive PAH (10 Ϫ6 m) and probenecid (10 Ϫ4 m, Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO), as previously described (25).…”

Section: Time-course Of Pah Uptake By Renal Cortical Slices From Orchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Sex Differences on the Renal Secretion of Organic Anions

et al. 1998

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The kidney's responsiveness to male sexual hormones has been often neglected. Renal secretion of organic anions is higher in male than in female individuals; as a consequence, most of the xenobiotics that are excreted from the organism through this pathway are eliminated more rapidly by males than by female animals. To gain further insight into this issue, we studied in vitro and in vivo characteristics of the transport of p-aminohippurate (PAH), a suitable marker for this system, in male and female rats, under different hormonal conditions. Kinetics of PAH showed a shorter elimination half-time in male than in female rats (t(1/2el): male = 16.2 +/- 2.1 min, female = 25.7 +/- 4.5 min, P < 0.05). Castration of male rats increased t(1/2el) to a value similar to that of female rats (t(1/2el): orchiectomized rat = 28.1 +/- 7.1 min). Testosterone treatment of female rats increased the elimination rate to a value similar to that of male rats. In vitro PAH uptake by renal cortical slices from intact male rats was higher than that by slices from orchiectomized rats. Kinetic analyses of PAH uptake suggest that the difference was caused by a lower number of transporting molecules in orchiectomized than in intact animals, whereas the transporting capacity for each carrier was similar in male and in orchiectomized rats. Our results suggest that testosterone increases the number of functional carriers for PAH in the kidney.

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“…La EQ (6-etoxi-2,2,4-trimetil-l,2-dihydroquinolein) es un antioxidante usado en los productos alimenticios de origen animal y para evitar quemaduras superficiales en algunas frutas, es uno de los antioxidantes más comunes usados en los alimentos para bovinos y aves, es efectiva en aceites vegetales manteniendo bien su calidad como antioxidante durante el procesamiento; su uso es limitado en alimentos para humanos y algunas mascotas y, por motivos de seguridad, se pueden adicionar máximo 150 mg/kg de dieta (Codex Alimentarios, 2001). La exposición a EQ en animales y seres humanos a elevadas concentraciones debe ser evitada ya que tiende a acumularse en la corteza renal durante varios días después de una sola dosis; las lesiones renales inducidas por la administración crónica de una dieta que contiene EQ son zonas irregulares de la fibrosis, atrofia tubular, dilatación tubular focal, infiltración linfocítica, depósitos de material calcificado en el bulbo raquídeo y zonas de necrosis del tejido renal (Hernández et al, 1993 (Frankel, 2005;Lutterodt et al, 2010;Gharby et al, 2011;Krichene et al, 2010;García-Moreno et al, 2013;de Leonardis y Macciola, 2012); hasta el momento no se han publicado estudios de la influencia de diferentes temperaturas en la estabilidad oxidativa del aceite de chía con adición de antioxidantes y por consiguiente no se ha establecido su energía de activación. Estudios de aceite de chía con adición de antioxidantes sintéticos y naturales en rancimat han sido evaluados solo a temperatura de 100 °C por Bodoroina et al (2017) y a 98 °C por Ixtaina et al (2012).…”

Section: O2unclassified