Inhibition of Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium falciparum Infections in Vitro by NSC3852, a Redox Active Antiproliferative and Tumor Cell Differentiation Agent

Evaluation of Five Antischizophrenic Agents Against Toxoplasma gondii in Human Cell Cultures

“…Tachyzoites were harvested from infected cell cultures as previously described (Strobl et al, 2009) and used immediately to infect monolayers of Hs68 cells in 48-well culture plates. Each culture well of Hs68 cells on the 48-well culture plate was inoculated with 1 3 10 5 tachyzoites, and they were allowed to penetrate for 2-3 hr.…”

“…The cells were cultured for an additional 48 hr. The activity of each agent was determined using the SYBR green assay as previously described (Strobl et al, 2009). Briefly, the supernatant from the culture plates was centrifuged, aspirated, and the pellet was used to determine the proliferation of the tachyzoites.…”

“…The pellets were incubated at 37 C for 30 min to allow complete lysis of tachyzoites before being read on a fluorescent plate reader with excitation at 460 nm and emission at 530 nm. The monolayers on the 48-well plates were fixed and stained with the use of a 0.5% crystal violet-5% formaldehyde-50% ethanol-0.85% NaCl solution (Strobl et al, 2009) to compare to the results obtained using the SYBR green assay qualitatively and to compare monolayer destruction among treatments.…”

“…An additional experiment was conducted in triplicate in which tachyzoite production was measured as previously described (Strobl et al, 2007).…”

“…Several laboratories, including our own, have found that antipsychotic drugs and mood-stabilizing agents exert fairly potent effects on T. gondii tachyzoites (Pezzella et al, 1997;Jones-Brando et al, 2003;Strobl et al, 2007). However, defining a mechanism of action in T. gondii has proven to be more elusive.…”