Inhibitions of vascular endothelial growth factor expression and foam cell formation by EGb 761, a special extract of Ginkgo biloba, in oxidatively modified low-density lipoprotein-induced human THP-1 monocytes cells

Liu, H.J.; Wang, X.L.; Zhang, L.; Qiu, Yuxuan; Li, T.J.; Li, R.; Wu, Mengjia; Wei, Lixin; Rui, Yao-Cheng

doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2008.11.003

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It is worth noting that some Chinese herbs can elicit diverse pharmacological actions on angiogenesis. For example, EGb 761 (a standardised extract of Ginkgo biloba ) has been shown to upregulate VEGF mRNA expression and activity, promoting angiogenesis in a permanent ischemic stroke model in mice [ 74 ], while an in vitro study has shown possible anti-angiogenic effects of Ginkgo biloba through down-regulation of VEGF mRNA expression in THP-1 cells [ 75 , 76 ] indicating potential different mechanisms of action of EGb 761 in different models. Resveratrol, a polyphenol found in abundance in the skin of grapes, blueberries and raspberries, has also demonstrated multiple actions on angiogenesis.…”

Section: Angiogenic Effects Of Chinese Herbal Medicine In Ischemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiogenesis in Ischemic Stroke and Angiogenic Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicine

Seto

Chang

Jenkins

et al. 2016

JCM

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Stroke is one of the major causes of death and adult disability worldwide. The underlying pathophysiology of stroke is highly complicated, consisting of impairments of multiple signalling pathways, and numerous pathological processes such as acidosis, glutamate excitotoxicity, calcium overload, cerebral inflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The current treatment for ischemic stroke is limited to thromolytics such as recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). tPA has a very narrow therapeutic window, making it suitable to only a minority of stroke patients. Hence, there is great urgency to develop new therapies that can protect brain tissue from ischemic damage. Recent studies have shown that new vessel formation after stroke not only replenishes blood flow to the ischemic area of the brain, but also promotes neurogenesis and improves neurological functions in both animal models and patients. Therefore, drugs that can promote angiogenesis after ischemic stroke can provide therapeutic benefits in stroke management. In this regard, Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has a long history in treating stroke and the associated diseases. A number of studies have demonstrated the pro-angiogenic effects of various Chinese herbs and herbal formulations in both in vitro and in vivo settings. In this article, we present a comprehensive review of the current knowledge on angiogenesis in the context of ischemic stroke and discuss the potential use of CHM in stroke management through modulation of angiogenesis.

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Section: Angiogenic Effects Of Chinese Herbal Medicine In Ischemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiogenesis in Ischemic Stroke and Angiogenic Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicine

Seto

Chang

Jenkins

et al. 2016

JCM

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“…Both cilostazol and GbE reduce ROS production in a variety of cell types (Wei et al, 1999; Kim et al, 2002; Kampkotter et al, 2007) and have a synergistic effects in treating atherothrombosis without adverse side effects such as the prolongation of bleeding time or coagulation time (Liu et al, 2009). Therefore, we postulated that combinative treatment of an atherosclerotic mouse model with GbE and cilostazol would decrease superoxide production in atherosclerotic plaque more than treatment with cilostazol alone.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginkgo bilobaextract (GbE) enhances the anti-atherogenic effect of cilostazol by inhibiting ROS generation

et al. 2012

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In this study, the synergistic effect of 6-[4-(1-cyclohexyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl) butoxy]-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinolinone (cilostazol) and Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) was examined in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) null mice. Co-treatment with GbE and cilostazol synergistically decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in ApoE null mice fed a high-fat diet. Co-treatment resulted in a significantly decreased atherosclerotic lesion area compared to untreated ApoE mice. The inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules such as monocyte chemoattractant-1 (MCP-1), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), and VCAM-1 which can initiate atherosclerosis were significantly reduced by the co-treatment of cilostazol with GbE. Further, the infiltration of macrophages into the intima was decreased by co-treatment. These results suggest that co-treatment of GbE with cilostazol has a more potent anti-atherosclerotic effect than treatment with cilostazol alone in hyperlipidemic ApoE null mice and could be a valuable therapeutic strategy for the treatment of atherosclerosis.

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“…[15] In addition, accumulation of oxLDL leads to formation of foam cells within the macrophages located in the intima in response to activated endothelial cells by inflammation. [16–18] Furthermore, previous study suggests that the active legumain produced by M2 macrophages is found to be overexpressed in cellular expression and processing. [10] In this study, we observed that risk stratification of the legumain level could guide treatment selection in monocyte-derived macrophages for patients with atherosclerosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of legumain in metabolic dysfunction, diagnosis, and prognosis of patients with atherosclerosis

Li,

Wang

et al. 2024

Medicine

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Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of legumain in metabolic dysfunction, diagnosis, and prognosis in patients with atherosclerosis. Methods: Plasma levels of legumain from patients with atherosclerosis (n = 320) and healthy controls (n = 320), expression of legumain in atheromatous plaque and secreted from monocyte-derived macrophages were measured using enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and fluorescence. Results: Data demonstrated that atherosclerotic patients had higher plasma level of legumain than healthy controls, which was a diagnostic and prognostic marker and corrected with the degree of atherosclerosis. It found that atheromatous plaque and endothelial cell had higher legumain expression than non-atherosclerotic arteries (controls). Legumain showed significantly increased secretion from pro-inflammatory M1 compared to pro-resolving M2 macrophages during monocyte-derived macrophages, which was localized to structures resembling foam cells. Conclusion: In conclusion, our data indicate that legumain expression is upregulated in both plasma and plaques of patients with atherosclerosis, which is associated with metabolic dysfunction of endothelial cell and might be a diagnostic and prognostic marker of atherosclerosis.

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Inhibitions of vascular endothelial growth factor expression and foam cell formation by EGb 761, a special extract of Ginkgo biloba, in oxidatively modified low-density lipoprotein-induced human THP-1 monocytes cells

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Angiogenesis in Ischemic Stroke and Angiogenic Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicine

Angiogenesis in Ischemic Stroke and Angiogenic Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicine

Ginkgo bilobaextract (GbE) enhances the anti-atherogenic effect of cilostazol by inhibiting ROS generation

Role of legumain in metabolic dysfunction, diagnosis, and prognosis of patients with atherosclerosis

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