Inhibitory effect of high caloric load of carbohydrates or lipids on human pancreatic secretions: a jejunal brake

Abstract

Effects of jejunal infusion of a saline solution, a protein meal, and a mixed protein and carbohydrate meal on biliopancreatic secretions were compared in six healthy volunteers. Protein infusion stimulated biliopancreatic secretions whereas carbohydrate infusion inhibited these secretions compared with saline infusion. The roles of lipid, carbohydrate, and caloric load on the inhibition of pancreatic secretions by jejunal infusion of nutrients was investigated in six other healthy volunteers. Carbohydrate, lipid, and the mixed meal inhibited pancreatic secretions whereas the carbohydrate solution was the only one that inhibited biliary secretion. These studies indicate that the mechanism of jejunal brake seems mainly related to the jejunal caloric load. In malabsorption or in the short bowel syndrome, a high caloric load or unabsorbed nutrients in the jejunum further inhibits pancreatic secretion, contributing to the loss of nutrients from the intestinal tract.

Effect of diet and individual dietary guidance on gastrointestinal endocrine cells in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (Review)

“…Fat modulates the functions of the GI tract in healthy individuals ( 89 ). Different meals with different caloric contents activate several braking mechanisms in the GI tract at different rates ( 101 – 103 ). In healthy individuals, fat in the stomach slows gastric emptying, while in the duodenum it stimulates pyloric pressure ( 89 , 102 ) and increases biliopancreatic secretion ( 104 ), thus activating the gastroduodenal brake ( 89 , 105 , 106 ).…”

“…In healthy individuals, fat in the stomach slows gastric emptying, while in the duodenum it stimulates pyloric pressure ( 89 , 102 ) and increases biliopancreatic secretion ( 104 ), thus activating the gastroduodenal brake ( 89 , 105 , 106 ). When fat reaches the proximal small intestine, it promotes a jejunal brake to decrease biliopancreatic secretions ( 103 , 104 ) and slow the intestinal transit ( 107 ). Finally, an ileal brake is activated upon the arrival of fat at the ileum ( 108 ), which allows more time for fat digestion and absorption and thereby prevents it being lost into the colon ( 107 ).…”