Inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lb. fermentum isolated from the faeces of healthy infants against nonfermentative bacteria causing nosocomial infections

Abstract

Nosocomial infection constitutes a major public health problem worldwide. Increasing antibiotic resistance of pathogens associated with nosocomial infections has also become a major therapeutic challenge for physicians. Thus, development of alternative treatment protocols, such as the use of probiotics, matters. The aim of this research was to determine the antagonistic properties of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lb. fermentum isolated from the faeces of healthy infants against nonfermentative bacteria causing nosocomial infections. One hundred five samples of nosocomial infections were collected and processed for bacterial isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing following standard bacteriologic techniques. The antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by the disk diffusion method, and antagonistic effect of Lactobacillus strains was investigated by well diffusion method. Of 105 samples, a total of 29 bacterial strains were identified as nonfermentative bacteria, including 17 Acinetobacter baumannii and 12 Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A. baumannii showed high resistance to tested antibiotics except ampicillin/sulbactam, and P. aeruginosa showed resistance to ampicillin/sulbactam and gentamicin and sensitive to amikacin and meropenem. Lb. plantarum had antagonistic properties against both A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa strains. Lb. plantarum had considerable effects on preventing the growth of A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa strains. However, further research is needed to better understanding of these effects on P. aeruginosa.

How Probiotics Affect the Microbiota

“…Clinical case reports showed that fecal transplantation was able to decolonize the microbiota of ESBL-carrying and naturally resistant bacterial strains (Singh et al, 2014;Crum-Cianflone et al, 2015;Millan et al, 2016). Likewise, the microbiota composition in hospitalized patients was shown to impact the susceptibility to colonization with multidrug resistant bacteria, and the use of probiotic strains such as L. plantarum or L. fermentum was associated with a reduction in colonization with naturally resistant pathogens, such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or Candida albicans (Singhi and Kumar, 2016;Soltan Dallal et al, 2017). In vitro, culture supernatants of Clostridium butyricum, C. difficile, Clostridium perfringens, Enterococcus faecium, and L. plantarum suppressed the growth and gene resistance transmission of ESBL-carrying bacteria and CPE (Kunishima et al, 2019).…”

Do Probiotics During In-Hospital Antibiotic Treatment Prevent Colonization of Gut Microbiota With Multi-Drug-Resistant Bacteria? A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial Comparing Saccharomyces to a Mixture of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Saccharomyces

“…Among these strategies, the effectiveness of reducing colonization of the intestinal microbiota by MDR bacteria using probiotics is being supported by in vitro and clinical observations ( 7 , 8 ). The use of probiotic strains such as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum or Limosilactobacillus fermentum (formerly named Lactobacillus plantarum or Lactobacillus fermentum ) was associated with a reduction in colonization with naturally resistant pathogens, such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Candida albicans ( 9 , 10 ). Patients colonized with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae were treated with a mixture of eight viable bacterial strains (Vivomix®) at a dose of 9.10 11 twice daily for 2 month.…”

The in vitro Effects of the Probiotic Strain, Lactobacillus casei ZX633 on Gut Microbiota Composition in Infants With Diarrhea

“…Soltan et al reported that LAB were capable of secreting acids, bacteriocins and other by-products that could neutralize infectious pathogens (Soltan Dallal et al, 2017 ). As a corollary, we observed decreased microbial community richness and diversity after processing feces samples, which may have been attributable to L. casei ZX633.…”