Initial Experiments Concerning Quantum Information Processing  in Rare-Earth-Ion Doped Crystals

Nilsson, Mathias; Rippe, Lars; Ohlsson, Nicklas; Christiansson, Tomas; Kröll, Stefan

doi:10.1238/physica.topical.102a00178

Cited by 49 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Such a processor, however, operates with specific qubit frequencies located at random positions within the inhomogeneous absorption profile, and only if the experiment has the ability to detect single rare-earth-ions, it will be possible to operate. Hence a good deal of theoretical and experimental work has focussed on multiple instance implementations [4,5,6,7,9,10,11,12,13,14,19]. The multiple instance implementations are characterized by a choice of definite values for the qubit frequency channels followed by an optical pumping/holeburning to identify the instances where these selected frequency channels all are occupied by (at least) one ion.…”

Section: One-and Two-qubit Gatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable designs for quantum computing with rare-earth-ion-doped crystals

et al. 2007

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Due to inhomogeneous broadening, the absorption lines of rare-earth-ion dopands in crystals are many order of magnitudes wider than the homogeneous linewidths. Several ways have been proposed to use ions with different inhomogeneous shifts as qubit registers, and to perform gate operations between such registers by means of the static dipole coupling between the ions.In this paper we show that in order to implement high-fidelity quantum gate operations by means of the static dipole interaction, we require the participating ions to be strongly coupled, and that the density of such strongly coupled registers in general scales poorly with register size. Although this is critical to previous proposals which rely on a high density of functional registers, we describe architectures and preparation strategies that will allow scalable quantum computers based on rareearth-ion doped crystals.

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Section: One-and Two-qubit Gatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable designs for quantum computing with rare-earth-ion-doped crystals

et al. 2007

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“…The observation of persistent holes is of fundamental interest as they allow characterizing the interaction between REIs and their environment, and they find applications in both classical and quantum information processing [3]. Deep, narrow, and long-lived holes have been observed for various REIs doped into crystalline hosts [4][5][6].…”

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confidence: 99%

Efficient and long-lived Zeeman-sublevel atomic population storage in an erbium-doped glass fiber

et al. 2015

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Long-lived population storage in optically pumped levels of rare-earth ions doped into solids, referred to as persistent spectral hole burning, is of significant fundamental and technological interest. However, the demonstration of deep and persistent holes in rare-earth ion doped amorphous hosts, e.g. glasses, has remained an open challenge since many decades -a fact that motivates our work towards a better understanding of the interaction between impurities and vibrational modes in glasses.Here we report the first observation and detailed characterization of such holes in an erbium-doped silica glass fiber cooled to below 1 K. We demonstrate population storage in electronic Zeemansublevels of the erbium ground state with lifetimes up to 30 seconds and 80% spin polarization. In addition to its fundamental aspect, our investigation reveals a potential technological application of rare-earth ion doped amorphous materials, including at telecommunication wavelength.

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“…The experimental investigations to date have been carried out using an ensemble approach (e.g., Refs. [17][18][19][20]), but recent demonstrations of the detection of single rare earth ion dopants [21,22] has raised the prospect of developing single instance quantum processors based on rare earth ions. Electronic interactions between rare earth ions in crystals are not well characterized.…”

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confidence: 99%

Precision Measurement of Electronic Ion-Ion Interactions between NeighboringEu3+Optical Centers

et al. 2013

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We report measurements of discrete excitation-induced frequency shifts on the 7 F 0 ! 5 D 0 transition of the Eu 3þ center in La:Lu:EuCl 3 Á 6D 2 O resulting from the optical excitation of neighboring Eu 3þ ions. Shifts of up to 46:081 AE 0:005 MHz were observed. The magnitude of the interaction between neighboring ions was found to be significantly larger than expected from the electric dipole-dipole mechanism often observed in rare earth systems. We show that a large network of interacting and individually addressable centers can be created by lightly doping crystals otherwise stoichiometric in the optically active rare earth ion, and that this network could be used to implement a quantum processor with more than ten qubits. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.240501 PACS numbers: 03.67.Lx, 42.50.Md, 78.47.nd Rare earth ions in solids are increasingly being utilized in demonstrations of quantum information devices. In particular, a broad range of protocols for realizing memories in these materials have been developed, using controlled reversible inhomogeneous broadening [1,2], atomic frequency combs [3,4], rephased amplified spontaneous emission [5] or silencing of a photon echo ([6,7]). The first demonstration of a quantum memory operating above the no cloning limit [8], and the first demonstration of storage for over a second [9], were performed in a rare earth doped material. Very large bandwidths [10] and multi-mode capacity [11] have been achieved and the ability to store polarization qubits demonstrated [12][13][14]. Rare earth solids are successful as quantum memories because they combine high spectral and spatial densities with long optical and hyperfine coherence times, properties that are almost unique to rare earth ions amongst all optical centers in solids.All of the above devices operate on the assumption that the rare earth ions are isolated from one another, interacting only through the optical field. This is a reasonable approximation for the low concentration crystals used for the quantum memory demonstrations to date, but as the rare earth ion concentration is increased to increase memory bandwidths and efficiencies, ion-ion interactions will increasingly become important.Although the interaction between ions is likely to degrade the performance of quantum devices requiring ensembles of isolated optical centers, there has been interest in utilizing electronic ion-ion interactions to perform quantum logic operations [15,16]. The experimental investigations to date have been carried out using an ensemble approach (e.g., Refs. [17][18][19][20]), but recent demonstrations of the detection of single rare earth ion dopants [21,22] has raised the prospect of developing single instance quantum processors based on rare earth ions. Electronic interactions between rare earth ions in crystals are not well characterized. They are studied through two main effects: energy transfer between ions and optical frequency shifts caused by the excitation of nearby ions. Most studies of both these effects have been mad...

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Initial Experiments Concerning Quantum Information Processing in Rare-Earth-Ion Doped Crystals

Cited by 49 publications

References 21 publications

Scalable designs for quantum computing with rare-earth-ion-doped crystals

Scalable designs for quantum computing with rare-earth-ion-doped crystals

Efficient and long-lived Zeeman-sublevel atomic population storage in an erbium-doped glass fiber

Precision Measurement of Electronic Ion-Ion Interactions between NeighboringEu3+Optical Centers

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