Initial hydraulic failure followed by late-stage carbon starvation leads to drought-induced death in the tree Trema orientalis

Kono, Yuri; Ishida, Akira; Saiki, Shin-Taro; Yoshimura, Kenichi; Dannoura, Masako; Yazaki, K.; Kimura, Fuku; Yoshimura, Jin; Aikawa, Shin-ichi

doi:10.1038/s42003-018-0256-7

Cited by 59 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…This may be a result of the seasonal variation of gas exchange in C. japonica: [47] reported that whole plant evaporation increased significantly from March to April, possibly because this species requires a lot of water for gas exchange (i.e., photosynthesis) during early spring. High water demand during a dry period decreases the plant's water potential; the water deficit further causes dehydration and cavitation in leaf and stem, resulting in cell turgor [48][49][50], which inhibits photosynthesis and metabolic activity [51][52][53]. The response of C. japonica stem growth to water deficit was investigated previously using irrigation experiments [54,55].…”

Section: Climate Change Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate sensitivity of Cryptomeria japonica in two contrasting environments: Perspectives from QTL mapping

et al. 2020

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Long-lived forest tree species experience a wide range of environmental conditions throughout their lifespan. Evaluation of the underlying growth and development mechanisms of these species is essential to predict tree growth under climate change. This study investigated climate sensitivity to temperature, precipitation, dry periods, and the associated genomic regions in Cryptomeria japonica, Japan's most commercially important tree. We used tree rings and common garden experiments with three clonal replicates planted in two contrasting environments in Kyushu (Kumamoto site) and Honshu (Chiba site), Japan. Tree growth showed a significant negative correlation with the dry period (>4 days) in March of the year of tree-ring formation at the Chiba site. In contrast, temperature and precipitation had little influence on tree growth. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis was performed to investigate climate sensitivity to dry periods at the Chiba site, revealing 13 significant QTLs. One QTL showed a substantially large contribution to the overall climate sensitivity, accounting for 12.4% of the total phenotypic variation. The phenotypic variance explained (PVE) by other QTLs ranged from 0.9% to 2.9%, and the total PVE by all QTLs was 35.6%. These findings indicate that the tree population at the Chiba site could be vulnerable to drought in early spring and that the QTL showing the greatest impact on climate sensitivity may be closely related to genes associated with tolerance or adaptation to drought stress. The QTLs identified in this study could be useful for molecular breeding, forest management, and predicting the growth of C. japonica under a changing climate.

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Section: Climate Change Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate sensitivity of Cryptomeria japonica in two contrasting environments: Perspectives from QTL mapping

et al. 2020

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“…This may be due to the mobilization of photosynthate was constrained by phloem transport caused by summer drought [58][59][60][61]. In order to better elucidate the causes of low NSCs in roots, the future studies should give more attention on the capacity of phloem transport by using carbon isotope technique [62,63]. In addition to this, the influence of different development stage on NSC demand cannot be excluded.…”

Section: Nsc Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deepening Rooting Depths Improve Plant Water and Carbon Status of a Xeric Tree during Summer Drought

Zheng

et al. 2019

Forests

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Exploring the effects of drought on trees of different sizes is an important research topic because the size-dependent mortality pattern of the major dominant species significantly affects the structure and function of plant communities. Here we studied the physiological performance and non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) dynamics of a small xeric tree species, Haloxylon ammodendron (C.A.Mey.) of different tree size with varying rooting depth, during summer drought. We measured predawn (Ψ pd ) and midday (Ψ m ) leaf water potential, osmotic potential at saturated turgor (π 100 ), and turgor lost point (Ψ tlp ), stomatal conductance (g s ) at noon, maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) in the morning, and NSCs concentration, from June-September. Our results demonstrated that the summer drought reduces the overall performance of physiological traits of the small young trees more than the larger adult trees. Ψ pd , g s and Fv/Fm dropped larger in the small-diameter groups than the larger diameter groups. Substantial osmotic adjustments were observed in small size individuals (with lower π 100 and Ψ tlp ) to cope with summer drought. Furthermore, mean concentration of NSCs for the leaf and shoot were higher in September than in July in every basal stem diameter classes suggested the leaf and shoot acted as reserve for NSC. However the root NSCs concentrations within each basal stem diameter class exhibited less increase in September than in the July. At the same time, the small young tress had lower root NSCs concentrations than the larger adult tree in both July and September. The contrasting root NSC concentrations across the basal stem diameter classes indicated that the roots of smaller trees may be more vulnerable to carbon starvation under non-lethal summer drought. The significant positive relationship between rooting depth and physiological traits & root NSCs concentration emphasize the importance of rooting depth in determining the seasonal variation of water status, gas exchange and NSCs.

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“…Our data suggest that the decline of some P. nigra individuals arise as a consequence of xylem embolism triggered by drought stress, coupled to impending carbon starvation (Kono et al ., 2019). Considering that the woodland under study results from reforestation, we hypothesized that the differential drought impact on individuals could be linked to different origins of seeds/seedlings used, also taking into account that P. nigra displays high genetic distance between populations (Thiel et al ., 2012) and considering that provenance-based differences in xylem vulnerability have been reported for different Pinus species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

OUP accepted manuscript

Savi

Casolo

Borgo

et al. 2019

Conservation Physiology

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Extreme summer droughts induced differential impacts in a population of Pinus nigra trees. We analyzed eventual physiological differences between desiccated and healthy trees. Desiccated trees were more vulnerable to drought-induced xylem embolism, and were also suffering from depletion of carbohydrate reserves. Our data suggest that genotypic or phenotypic intraspecific variability can play fundamental roles in defining individual drought responses/impacts, dictating the fate of single trees under global-change-type droughts.

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Initial hydraulic failure followed by late-stage carbon starvation leads to drought-induced death in the tree Trema orientalis

Cited by 59 publications

References 50 publications

Climate sensitivity of Cryptomeria japonica in two contrasting environments: Perspectives from QTL mapping

Climate sensitivity of Cryptomeria japonica in two contrasting environments: Perspectives from QTL mapping

Deepening Rooting Depths Improve Plant Water and Carbon Status of a Xeric Tree during Summer Drought

OUP accepted manuscript

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