Initial soil development in lignite ash landfills and settling ponds in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany

Zikeli, Sabine; Jahn, Reinhold; Kastler, Michael

doi:10.1002/1522-2624(200208)165:4<530::aid-jpln530>3.0.co;2-j

Cited by 39 publications

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“…In case of soils developed from lignite ashes, the contents of carbonates and gypsum depend on the composition of parent coal, on the burning conditions and on the time period in which these soils are exposed to weathering (Zikeli et al, 2002). These are inherent properties of the anthropogenic/technogenic materials in question and they are equivalent to geogenic properties of natural soils.…”

Section: Basic Soil Chemical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Eolian contamination by fly ash affects even larger areas. For more details on production and disposal of lignite ash in Saxony-Anhalt, as well as on characteristic properties of nonweathered lignite ashes of this area, see Zikeli et al (2002). The area is characterised by an annual precipitation of 508 mm and a mean annual temperature of 9.4 8C (USDA, 1999, p. 101).…”

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to their formation process, natural volcanic soils may be enriched with secondary carbonates and/ or gypsum in dry climatic conditions. In contrast, a downward movement of gypsum is documented for lignite ash-derived soils in more humid climatic conditions which leads to a depletion of gypsum in the top layers of the profile and an enrichment in deeper horizons (Zikeli et al, 2002).…”

Section: Basic Soil Chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to the contents of gypsum and carbonates, the composition of the parent coal and its burning conditions also control the contents of TOC. However, the contents of organic carbon in the lignite ash-derived soils were much higher in comparison to natural volcanic soils due to the presence of coked particles of the insufficiently burned lignite (Zikeli et al, 2002). In our opinion, it is in this case more appropriate to refer to TOC than to OM.…”

Section: Basic Soil Chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ratio of organic C to other elements in the OM may vary over a wide range in lignite ash soils and therefore no unique factor for the calculation of OM can be provided. On the other hand, litterfall and plant growth contribute to a certain degree to the TOC contents of lignite ash-derived soils especially in the upper horizons (Zikeli et al, 2002).…”

Section: Basic Soil Chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Classification of anthrosols with vitric/andic properties derived from lignite ash

2005

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Section: Basic Soil Chemical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Basic Soil Chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Basic Soil Chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Basic Soil Chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Classification of anthrosols with vitric/andic properties derived from lignite ash

2005

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Cation exchange properties of soils derived from lignite ashes

Zikeli¹,

Kastler

Jahn

2004

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

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In Saxony‐Anhalt, Germany, an area of about 6000 ha is covered by lignite‐ash‐derived substrates. In some cases, pollutants like heavy metals or toxic organic compounds had been disposed of together with the lignite ashes. For this reason, we assessed factors influencing the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of lignite‐ash substrates exposed to natural weathering.We chose four research sites reflecting the different methods of disposal: two dumped landfills and two lagooned ashes of different ages. After determining the CEC at pH 8.1 (CECpot), we evaluated the influence of the content of silt and clay and the content of total organic C. As lignite‐ash‐derived substrates are rich in oxalate‐extractable Si, Al, and Fe, we performed an oxalate extraction and determined afterwards the CECpot to assess the contribution of oxalate‐soluble compounds to the CECpot. Moreover, we determined the variable charge of selected samples at pH values ranging from 4 to 7.The lignite‐ash‐derived soils had a high CECpot with means ranging from 25.1 cmolc kg–1 to 88.8 cmolc kg–1. The influence of the parent material was more important than the degree of weathering. The content of total organic C consisting of pedogenic organic matter and coked lignite particles together with the content of silt and clay played a statistically significant role in determining the CEC.Another property that influenced the amount of CEC in medium textured lignite ashes was the content of oxalate‐soluble silica and aluminum. After oxalate extraction, they lost about 30% of their CEC due to the dissolution of oxalate‐soluble compounds. In coarse textured lignite ashes, oxalate extraction led to higher amounts of CEC, probably due to an increase of surface area resulting either from the disintegration of particles or from etching caused by insufficient dissolution of magnetite and maghemite. Moreover, lignite‐ash‐derived substrates exhibit a high amount of pH‐dependent charge. The CEC decreased by 40% in a topsoil sample and by 51% in a subsoil sample as the pH declined from 7 to 4.

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Microbial biomass and respiration in soils derived from lignite ashes: a profile study

Machulla

Zikeli

Kastler

et al. 2004

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

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Microbial biomass C and soil respiration measurements were made in 17–20 yr old soils developed on sluiced and tipped coal‐combustion ashes. Topsoil (0–30 cm) and subsoil (30–100 cm) samples were collected from three soil profiles at two abandoned disposal sites located in the city area of Halle, Saxony‐Anhalt. Selected soil physical (bulk density and texture) and chemical (pH, organic C, total N, CEC, plant available K and P, and total Cd and Cu) properties were measured. pH values were significantly lower while organic C and total N contents and the C : N ratio were significantly higher in the topsoil than in the subsoil indicating the effects of substrate weathering and pedogenic C accumulation. Likewise, microbial biomass C, K2SO4‐extractable C, and soil respiration with median values of 786 μg biomass C g–1, 262 μg K2SO4‐C g–1, and 6.05 μg CO2‐C g–1 h–1, respectively, were significantly higher in the topsoil than in the subsoil. However, no significant difference was observed in metabolic quotient between the topsoil and the subsoil. Metabolic quotient with median values of 5.98 and 8.54 mg CO2‐C (g biomass C)–1 h–1 for the 0–30 cm and 30–100 cm depths, respectively, was higher than the data reported in the literature for arable and forest soils. Microbial biomass C correlated significantly with extractable C but no relationship was observed between it and total N, Cd, and Cu contents, as well as plant‐available K and P. We conclude that the presence of the remarkable concentration of extractable C in the weathered lignite ashes allowed the establishment of microbial populations with high biomass. The high metabolic quotients observed might be attributed to the heavy‐metal contamination and to the microbial communities specific to ash soils.

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Initial soil development in lignite ash landfills and settling ponds in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany

Cited by 39 publications

References 0 publications

Classification of anthrosols with vitric/andic properties derived from lignite ash

Classification of anthrosols with vitric/andic properties derived from lignite ash

Cation exchange properties of soils derived from lignite ashes

Microbial biomass and respiration in soils derived from lignite ashes: a profile study

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