Across the globe, COVID-19 continues to disrupt everyday lives, with serious consequences for individuals' health and wellbeing. This retrospective, multinational survey study draws upon the Personal Resource Allocation (PRA) framework to explore how various demographic factors, individual differences, and leadership determine the perceived and actual impact of COVID-19 on health (mental, physical) and wellbeing (work, home, general) across five countries: Canada, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Having dependents under 12, working more hours since the onset, and having essential worker status led to better wellbeing outcomes. All three individual differences (adaptivity, resilience, remote work training) were positively related to engagement, with resilience and remote work also relating to better health for these individuals. Lastly, perceptions of COVID impact on mental and physical health had negative consequences for general wellbeing, while effective leadership perceptions predicted work engagement. No differences were found between the five countries. Findings highlight the importance of personal resources in determining the pandemic’s impact on wellbeing.