Initiation of neural induction by FGF signalling before gastrulation

Streit, Andrea; Berliner, Alyson J.; Papanayotou, Costis; Sirulnik, Andrés; Stern, Claudio D.

doi:10.1038/35017617

Cited by 470 publications

(432 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…These observations have been confirmed in Xenopus [9] and have also been demonstrated in the chick [10] suggesting that neural induction starts before gastrulation. In Xenopus embryos, the spontaneous Ca 2+ transients are initially localized in the most anterior part of the dorsal ectoderm and the accumulation pattern of these Ca 2+ transients over time correlates with the formation of the prospective neuroectoderm.…”

Section: Early Neurogenesis / Neural Inductionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Ca2+ coding and decoding strategies for the specification of neural and renal precursor cells during development

et al. 2016

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Section: Early Neurogenesis / Neural Inductionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Ca2+ coding and decoding strategies for the specification of neural and renal precursor cells during development

et al. 2016

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“…However, previous reports have also shown that b-catenin/Wnt signaling in undifferentiated ESCs can maintain pluripotency [37,41,42], implying that GSK-3 inhibition alone would interfere with neurogenesis. To overcome this problem, we decided to stimulate neural specification by additionally adding EGF and bFGF [20,43,44].…”

Section: The Crb2-kd Phenotype Can Be Rescued By Gsk3b Inhibition Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Apical Polarity Determinant Crumbs 2 Is a Novel Regulator of ESC-Derived Neural Progenitors

Boroviak

Rashbass

2011

Stem Cells

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ESCs undergoing neural differentiation in vitro display an intrinsic heterogeneity with a large subset of the cells forming polarized neural rosettes that maintain the neural progenitor microenvironment. This heterogeneity is not only necessary for normal development but also causes substantial technical challenges for practical applications. Here, we report a novel regulator of early neural progenitors, the apical polarity protein Crb2 (Crumbs homologue 2). Employing monolayer differentiation of mouse ESCs to model neurogenesis in vitro, we find that Crb2 is upregulated with Sox1 and Musashi at the onset of neuroepithelial specification and localizes to the apical side of neural rosettes. Stable Crb2-knockdown (KD) lines die at the onset of neural specification and fail to stabilize several apical polarity proteins. However, these cells are able to proliferate under selfrenewing conditions and can be differentiated into mesodermal and endodermal lineages. Conversely, Crb2 overexpression during neural differentiation results in elevated levels of other apical polarity proteins and increases proliferation. Additionally, sustained overexpression of Crb2 reduces terminal differentiation into TuJ1-positive neurons. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Crb2 overexpression under selfrenewing conditions increases glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3b inhibition, correlating with an increase in clonogenicity. To confirm the importance of GSK-3b inhibition downstream of Crb2, we show that Crb2-KD cells can be forced into neural lineages by blocking GSK-3b function and supplementing Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) and basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF). Thus, this is the first demonstration that a member of the Crumbs family is essential for survival and differentiation of ESC-derived neural progenitors.

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“…Launay et al (1996) have shown that specification of the most anterior neuroectoderm may occur before gastrulation and does not require FGF signaling. Recently, it has been reported that the FGF signal is required for neural induction before gastrulation in the chick embryo (Streit et al 2000). Thus, it is still not clear whether FGF signals play crucial roles in neural induction of chordates.…”

Section: Involvement Of the Fgf Signaling Pathway In The Formation Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the FGF and MEK signaling pathway in the ascidian embryo

2001

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In the ascidian embryo, a fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-like signal from presumptive endoderm blastomeres between the 32-cell and early 64-cell stages induces the formation of notochord and mesenchyme cells. However, it has not been known whether endogenous FGF signaling is involved in the process. Here it is shown that 64-cell embryos exhibit a marked increase in endogenous extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK/MAPK) activity. The increase in ERK activity was reduced by treatment with an FGF receptor 1 inhibitor, SU5402, and a MEK (ERK kinase/MAPKK) inhibitor, U0126. Both drugs blocked the formation of notochord and mesenchyme when embryos were treated at the 32-cell stage, but not at the 2-or 110-cell stages. The dominant-negative form of Ras also suppressed notochord and mesenchyme formation. Both inhibitors suppressed induction by exogenous basic FGF. These results suggest that the FGF signaling cascade is indeed necessary for the formation of notochord and mesenchyme cells during ascidian embryogenesis. It is also shown that FGF signaling is required for formation of the secondary notochord, secondary muscle and neural tissues, and at least ERK activity is necessary for the formation of trunk lateral cells and posterior endoderm. Therefore, FGF and MEK signaling are required for the formation of various tissues in the ascidian embryo.

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Initiation of neural induction by FGF signalling before gastrulation

Cited by 470 publications

References 30 publications

Ca2+ coding and decoding strategies for the specification of neural and renal precursor cells during development

Ca2+ coding and decoding strategies for the specification of neural and renal precursor cells during development

The Apical Polarity Determinant Crumbs 2 Is a Novel Regulator of ESC-Derived Neural Progenitors

Role of the FGF and MEK signaling pathway in the ascidian embryo

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