Initiation of oogenesis in the human fetal ovary: Ultrastructural and squash preparation study

Gondos, Bernard; Westergaard, Lars; Byskov, Anne Grete

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(86)90109-2

Cited by 112 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…After increases in numbers, PGCs form colonies in the ovary. Once the PGCs form cysts, they initiate meiotic division and cell growth at 11-12 weeks post-fertilization in women (Gondos et al 1986, Motta et al 1997 and 12.5 dpc in mice (Tingen et al 2009, Jameson et al 2012. Meiotic cells were arrested in the diplotene stage of prophase I during germ cell cyst breakdown accompanied by reduction in cell numbers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disorganization of the germ cell pool leads to primary ovarian insufficiency

Kawashima

Kawamura

2017

Reproduction

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The mammalian ovary is an organ that controls female germ cell development, storing them and releasing mature oocytes for transporting to the oviduct. During the fetal stage, female germ cells change from a proliferative state to meiosis before forming follicles with the potential for the growth of surrounding somatic cells. Understanding of molecular and physiological bases of germ cell development in the fetal ovary contributed not only to the elucidation of genetic disorders in primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), but also to the advancement of novel treatments for patients with POI. Accumulating evidence indicates that mutations in NOBOX, DAZL and FIGLA genes are associated with POI. In addition, cell biology studies revealed the important roles of these genes as essential translational factors for germ cell development. Recent insights into the role of the PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase)-AKT signaling pathway in primordial follicle activation allowed the development of a new infertility treatment, IVA (in vitro activation), leading to successful pregnancy/delivery in POI patients. Furthermore, elucidation of genetic dynamics underlying female germ cell development could allow regeneration of oocytes from ES (embryonic stem)/iPS (induced pluripotent stem) cells in mammals. The purpose of this review is to summarize basic findings related to female germ cell development and potential clinical implications, especially focusing on POI etiologies. We also summarize evolving new POI therapies based on IVA as well as oocyte regeneration.Reproduction (2017) 153 R205-R213

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disorganization of the germ cell pool leads to primary ovarian insufficiency

Kawashima

Kawamura

2017

Reproduction

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“…The clusters of germ cells, or 'cysts', then begin to undergo 'breakdown', in which most of the oocytes are lost through apoptotic cell death, and the remaining oocytes become surrounded by a layer of somatic pre-granulosa cells (Fig. 1), forming 'primordial follicles' during mid-gestation (Cohen and Holloway, 2010;Gondos et al, 1986;Motta et al, 1997). Bidirectional communication and exchange of signaling molecules between oocytes and the surrounding granulosa cells are necessary for both the growth of the oocyte and the development of the follicle after birth (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The developmental origins of the mammalian ovarian reserve

2015

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The adult mammalian ovary is devoid of definitive germline stem cells. As such, female reproductive senescence largely results from the depletion of a finite ovarian follicle pool that is produced during embryonic development. Remarkably, the crucial nature and regulation of follicle assembly and survival during embryogenesis is just coming into focus. This developmental pathway involves the coordination of meiotic progression and the breakdown of germ cell cysts into individual oocytes housed within primordial follicles. Recent evidence also indicates that genetic and environmental factors can specifically perturb primordial follicle assembly. Here, we review the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which the mammalian ovarian reserve is established, highlighting the presence of a crucial checkpoint that allows survival of only the highest-quality oocytes.

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“…Activins and their receptors are highly expressed in human oogonia at later stages of gestation and activin A supports the proliferation of oogonia in vitro (Martins da Silva et al 2004). The oogonia then enter meiosis at 11-12 weeks of gestation in humans (Gondos et al 1986). …”

Section: The Prenatal Pathway Of Oogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%