Injuries, death and vehicle airbag deployment

O'Donovan, Siobhan; Heuvel, Corinna van den; Baldock, Matthew; Byard, Roger W.

doi:10.1177/0025802419892392

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Airbags, for example, were found to be effective in reducing the risk of death and injury. 24 Meanwhile, a meta-analysis done by Olivier and Creighton (2017) 25 found that wearing a helmet when riding a bicycle reduces the odds of head injury, serious head injury, facial injury, and fatal head injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Transport and Vehicular Crash Cases Using the Online National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (ONEISS) from 2010 to 2019

Herbosa

2022

Acta Med Philipp

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Introduction. Around 1.35 million people die due to road traffic accidents yearly. In the Philippines, there is an increasing trend of mortality and morbidity caused by road crashes. Objective. The objective of the study is to show the epidemiology of transport and vehicular crash (TVC) cases in the Philippines using the Department of Health (DOH) Online National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (ONEISS) from 2010 to 2019. Methods. We used data from ONEISS, a web-based system to electronically capture injury-related data from health facilities, store data in a centralized and secure location, process and consolidate data, and transform this data into meaningful information. For Transport and Vehicular Crash cases, risk factors such as drug use, alcohol use, mobile phone use, seatbelt, and helmet use are included. There are also data on vehicle type, place of crash, and activity. Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed to explore and analyze the ONEISS dataset, particularly the epidemiology of transport and vehicular crashes (TVC). Results. There were a total of 296,760/894,989 (31%) patients admitted due to transport and vehicular crash (TVC) based on the 10-year data from ONEISS (2010–2019). There was an increasing trend in the number of transport/ vehicular crashes (TVC) during this period, with an average increase of 25.58% cases per year. Most victims were drivers (45.6%), males (72.5%), and from the younger age group (0-30 years old). Fatal crashes were observed to occur from 6:00 pm to 5:00 am while most accidents occurred during leisure activities (32.5%). The highest reported contributing factor was drunk driving (n = 25,537). There was observed low compliance on the use of vehicular safety equipment. The most common types of injuries for the TVC victims were abrasions, contusions, burns, and concussions while the vehicle most involved in TVC was the motorcycle. Motorcycle use was found to be associated with worse emergency room (ER) outcomes (p <.0001) and the highest injury types such as multiple injuries, abrasion, avulsion and burn. Alcohol use was also significantly associated with multiple injuries, abrasion, avulsion, burn, open fracture, open wound, and amputation (p < 0.05). Conclusion. The trend of road traffic vehicular crashes affecting mainly the younger population has economic repercussions. Motorcycles are also most involved in crashes, hence, the need for motorcycle safety laws in the country. There is also a need to strengthen current laws and legislation governing road safety and to focus on structuring a systematic post-crash response for both the local government and hospitals throughout the Philippines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Transport and Vehicular Crash Cases Using the Online National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (ONEISS) from 2010 to 2019

Herbosa

2022

Acta Med Philipp

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“…SF injuries may be caused by broken glass from the windscreen and windows [ 29 ] and penetrating injuries are caused by loose, airborne objects from inside the vehicle or external objects that enter the vehicle cabin during the collision [ 30 ]. Fatal penetrating injuries have also been reported from the malfunction and inappropriate deployment of airbags [ 31 , 32 ]. Impalement is a severe form of penetrating injury characterised by an object penetrating the body [ 27 ].…”

Section: Classification Of Deathsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of fatalities in motor vehicle occupants: an overview

O'Donovan

Heuvel

Baldock³

et al. 2022

Forensic Sci Med Pathol

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Injuries from motor vehicle collisions are frequently encountered in routine forensic practice. While the most common lethal events involve blunt force trauma with injuries to the head and neck, chest, abdomen, pelvis and limbs, review of the literature and case files shows that a wide variety of other fatal situations can occur that may involve sharp force and penetrating trauma, incineration, drowning, asphyxia, organic diseases and combinations of these. The following overview details potential factors that may contribute to death following vehicle crashes.

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“…However, traditional airbags generate a great impact force during the instantaneous inflation process. 23,24 This impact force often causes great damages to the child occupants with the non-standard sitting postures. Park and Hong 25 found that the great impact force during the airbag instantaneous inflation process, caused serious injuries to various body regions of the child occupants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal design of continuously inflated airbag for 12-year-old child occupants with various sitting postures

Hong

Liu

Ruhai

2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Owing to the lively nature, children often use a variety of non-standard sitting postures when riding school buses. Current restraint systems in school buses and traditional airbags cannot effectively protect the child occupants with the non-standard sitting postures in frontal collisions. A prototype design of a new continuously inflated airbag is proposed to increase the safety of child occupants. The aim of this study is to determine the injury thresholds of 12-year-old children using the dimensional analysis method, and under the eight mixed conditions, to propose an optimal design of a continuously inflated airbag. First, a simulation model of the restraint system is developed and validated by the experimental test conducted according to ECE R80/GB24406. Then, a coupling model of the restraint system and continuously inflated airbag is built. Second, a standard and three non-standard sitting postures of 12-year-old child occupants and the two crash pulses of school buses are combined to form the eight mixed conditions. Finally, the main design parameters of the continuously inflated airbag are optimized using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm III and entropy weight method. A continuously inflated airbag with the optimal configuration can significantly reduce the injuries to the 12-year-old child occupants. Under the original crash pulse, the optimized airbag can provide the best protections for the occupant head under the forward-leaning sitting posture and the occupant femurs under the slouched sitting posture, respectively. Under the higher-speed crash pulse, the protective effect on the occupant head under the standard sitting posture is better than that under the right-leaning sitting posture.

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Injuries, death and vehicle airbag deployment

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Analysis of Transport and Vehicular Crash Cases Using the Online National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (ONEISS) from 2010 to 2019

Analysis of Transport and Vehicular Crash Cases Using the Online National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (ONEISS) from 2010 to 2019

Causes of fatalities in motor vehicle occupants: an overview

Optimal design of continuously inflated airbag for 12-year-old child occupants with various sitting postures

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