Injury Mechanisms for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Team Handball

Olsen, Odd-Egil; Myklebust, Grethe; Engebretsen, Lars; Bahr, Roald

doi:10.1177/0363546503261724

Cited by 1,073 publications

(1,134 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Recent studies have shown gender differences in lower-extremity kinematics and kinetics in athletic tasks [1,2]. Numerous authors have identified valgus collapse of the knee as the common body position in noncontact ACL injuries [26][27][28]. Core stability may also be a factor in ACL injury [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Musculoskeletal Profile of Elite Female Soccer Players

Chiaia

Maschi

Stuhr

et al. 2009

HSS Journal®: The Musculoskeletal Journal of Hospital for Speci

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The purpose of this study is to identify lowerextremity (LE) musculoskeletal characteristics of elite female soccer players and to determine whether differences between dominant and nondominant extremities exist with respect to strength, flexibility, and range of motion. Physical data were collected from 26 female professional soccer players. Core control, hip and knee passive range of motion (PROM), LE flexibility, hip abductor strength, and dynamic functional alignment were assessed for each LE. Of 26 subjects, 21 scored 2/5 or less on core control. Mean hip internal rotation and external rotation were 33°(±8°) and 25°(±6.7°), respectively. All subjects had shortened twojoint hip flexors with an average knee flexion angle of 50°( ±11°) and increased femoral anteversion. Forty one of 48 dominant limbs and 42 of 48 nondominant limbs demonstrated deviations from neutral alignment during step down or single-leg squat. Of 25 subjects, 15 demonstrated a stiffknee landing and/or takeoff. All subjects demonstrated limitations in hip external rotation PROM and hip flexor length. There was no difference between dominant and nondominant LEs in all variables including hip abductor strength. Additional research is needed to determine if there is a correlation between the musculoskeletal characteristics, LE biomechanics, and potential risk for injury.Level of evidence: IV

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Musculoskeletal Profile of Elite Female Soccer Players

Chiaia

Maschi

Stuhr

et al. 2009

HSS Journal®: The Musculoskeletal Journal of Hospital for Speci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ideally, injury mechanisms should be investigated less arbitrarily, for example using video analysis which has been done recently in other team sports such as basketball and team handball [28,35].…”

Section: Methodological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior cruciate ligament injury in elite football: a prospective three-cohort study

Waldén

Hägglund

Magnusson

et al. 2010

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc

268

221

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Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury causes long lay-off time and is often complicated with subsequent new knee injury and osteoarthritis. Female gender is associated with an increased ACL injury risk, but few studies have adjusted for gender-related differences in age although female players are often younger when sustaining their ACL injury.The objective of this three-cohort study was to describe ACL injury characteristics in teams from the Swedish men's and women's first leagues and from several European men's professional first leagues. Over a varying number of seasons from 2001 to 2009, 57 clubs (2329 players) were followed prospectively and during this period 78 ACL injuries occurred (5 partial). Mean age at ACL injury was lower in women compared to men (20.6 ± 2.2 vs. 25.2 ± 4.5 years, p=0.0002).Using a Cox regression, the female-to-male hazard ratio (HR) was 2.6 (95% CI 1.4 to 4.6) in all three cohorts studied and 2.6 (95% CI 1.3 to 5.3) in the Swedish cohorts; adjusted for age, the HR was reduced to 2.4 (95% CI 1.3 to 4.2) and 2.1 (95% CI 1.0 to 4.2), respectively. Match play was associated with a higher ACL injury risk with a match-to-training ratio of 20.8 (95% CI 12.4 to 34.8) and 45 ACL injuries (58%) occurred due to non-contact mechanisms. Hamstrings grafts were used more often in Sweden than in Europe (67% vs. 34%, p=0.028), and there were no differences in time to return to play after ACL reconstruction between the cohorts or different grafts. In conclusion, this study showed that the ACL injury incidence in female elite footballers was more than doubled compared to their male counterparts, but also that they were significantly younger at ACL injury than males. These findings suggest that future preventive research primarily should address the young female football player.

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“…Non-contact ACL injuries appear to occur most commonly during landing (Hume and Steele 1997;Otago and Neal 1997), rapid change of direction (Bartold 1997) and deceleration (Miller, Cooper, and Warner 1995). Furthermore, most non-contact ACL injuries appear to occur close to foot strike with the knee close to full extension and in a valgus position (Boden, Dean, Faegin, et al 2000;Olsen, Mykelbust, Engebretsen, et al 2004). Not surprisingly, the incidence of ACL injury is relatively high in sports involving a high frequency of landing, decelerating and rapid changes of direction such as basketball, netball, handball and volleyball (Arendt and Dick, 1995;Griffin, Angel, Albohm, et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Limb Coordination and Stiffness During Landing from Volleyball Block Jumps

Hughes

Watkins

2008

Research in Sports Medicine

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Abstract.The aim of the study was to investigate lower limb coordination and stiffness in five male and five female university volleyball players performing block jump landings. Coordination was assessed using angle -angle plots of the hip -knee, knee -ankle and hip -ankle joint couplings and discrete relative phase (DRP) of right -left joint couplings (i.e. left knee coupled with right knee). Leg stiffness was calculated as the ratio of the change in vertical ground reaction force (GRF) to the change in vertical displacement of the centre of gravity between ground contact and maximum vertical GRF. Knee stiffness was calculated as the ratio of the change in knee joint moment to the change in knee flexion angular displacement between ground contact and maximum knee joint moment. Comparison of the DRP angles between left and right legs indicated reduced symmetry between the left and right legs in females compared to males which may indicate greater likelihood of ligament strain in females compared to males. Furthermore, females exhibited reduced stability in the coordination between the left and right knee joints than males. Males exhibited significantly greater absolute and normalised leg stiffness and significantly greater absolute and normalised knee joint stiffness during landing compared to females. In conjunction with the coordination data, this may indicate reduced dynamic stability of the leg in females compared to males which may contribute to the greater incidence of ACL injury in females compared to males.

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Injury Mechanisms for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Team Handball

Abstract: The injury mechanism for anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female team handball appeared to be a forceful valgus collapse with the knee close to full extension combined with external or internal rotation of the tibia.

Cited by 1,073 publications

References 31 publications

A Musculoskeletal Profile of Elite Female Soccer Players

A Musculoskeletal Profile of Elite Female Soccer Players

Anterior cruciate ligament injury in elite football: a prospective three-cohort study

Lower Limb Coordination and Stiffness During Landing from Volleyball Block Jumps

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