Innate Immune Responses

Juul‐Madsen, Helle R.; Viertlboeck, Birgit C.; Härtle, Sonja; Smith, Adrian L.; Göbel, Thomas

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-396965-1.00007-8

Cited by 38 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 217 publications

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“…DCs are a vital protagonist in the initiation of the primary immune responses by increasing proliferation of naïve T cells, differentiation to memory cells (Yasmin et al, 2015) and can direct the T cell response (Juul-Madsen et al, 2014 (Yasmin et al, 2015). In another study by Liang et al (2015) compared the effect of LPS, inactivated IBDV and IBDV on activation and maturation of chBM-DCs.…”

Section: Dendritic Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of infectious bursal disease virus with the immune system of poultry

Rehman

Chen

Umar

et al. 2016

World's Poultry Science Journal

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Immune dysfunction can be either at the humoral or cellular levels and is mediated by a myriad of factors including virus-induced immunosuppression. Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) affects domesticated poultry and causing health problems mainly due to prolonged immunosuppression. Destruction of the immunoglobulin-producing cells is the principal cause of IBDV-induced immunosuppression, which leads to significant impairment of the primary antibody responses. Due to these effects, IBDV infection not only increases the susceptibility of poultry to other viral infections but predisposes the host to several other bacteria of variable pathologies. The IBDV-induced immunesuppression is well-known phenomenon, however, recently there have been significant advancements in understanding the molecular mechanisms of this immune-suppression. This review discuss current updates regarding the immunotoxic and immunosuppressive nature of IBDV in the poultry and highlights areas requiring future research attentions that may help to establish foundations for effective and improved vaccines against IBDV.

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Section: Dendritic Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of infectious bursal disease virus with the immune system of poultry

Rehman

Chen

Umar

et al. 2016

World's Poultry Science Journal

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“…Similarly in birds chemokines and interleukins are found; however, the diversity in multigene families is reduced . In addition, pattern recognition receptors are generally functionally equivalent to mammals, but the diversity is smaller . The above information suggests that comparisons to the mammalian‐based literature can be informative for birds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An examination of the effect of aerosolized Permanone insecticide on zebra finch susceptibility to West Nile virus

Jankowski

Moore

Hofmeister

2017

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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West Nile virus (WNV) is maintained cryptically primarily in avian (passerine) populations, where it is transmitted by Culex spp. mosquitoes. Mosquito-control measures currently include physical activities to reduce mosquito-breeding sites and the application of mosquito larvicides or aerosolized insecticides to kill adults (adulticides) when arboviral diseases such as WNV or Zika virus are detected in mosquito populations. Organochlorine, organophosphorus, carbamate, and pyrethroid insecticides are often used. Previous work suggests an effect of pyrethroids on the immune system in a variety of vertebrates. We examined the effects of exposure to aerosolized Permanone® 30:30 insecticide (permethrin and piperonyl butoxide in soy oil vehicle) at approximately 10 to 10 times potential environmental concentrations on the response of captive zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) to experimental challenge with WNV. Compared to vehicle control birds, WNV outcome was unchanged (65% of birds produced a viremia) in the "low" exposure (9.52 ± 3.13 mg/m standard deviation [SD] permethrin) group but reduced in the "high" exposure (mean 376.5 ± 27.9 mg/m SD permethrin) group (30% were viremic; p < 0.05). After clearing WNV infection, birds treated with Permanone regained less body mass than vehicle-treated birds (p < 0.001). The present study suggests that exposure to aerosolized Permanone insecticide at levels exceeding typical application rates has the potential to not change or to mildly enhance a bird's resistance to WNV. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:3376-3386. Published 2017 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.

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“…Innate activation of a variety of these cell subsets can increase their capacity to interact with T cells, the most important of these being the DC subsets (50). DCs play an important role in the initiation of the adaptive immune response, being the only cells that can activate naive T cell subsets by virtue of their high levels of major histocompatibility (MHC) molecules and co-stimulatory activity (e.g., expressing CD80/86) (50).…”

Section: Dcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Responses to Virulent and Vaccine Strains of Infectious Bronchitis Viruses in Chickens

2015

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Infectious bronchitis (IB) is an acute and highly contagious chicken viral disease, causing severe economic losses to poultry producers worldwide. In the last few decades, infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) has been extensively studied, but knowledge of immune responses to virulent or vaccine strains of IBVs remains limited. This review focuses on fundamental aspects of immune responses against IBV, including the role of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in identification of conserved viral structures and the role of different components of innate immunity (e.g., heterophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, acute phase protein, and cytokines). Studies on adaptive immune activation and the role of humoral and cellular immunity in IBV clearance are also reviewed. Multiple interlinking immune responses are essential for protection against virulent IBVs, including passive, innate, adaptive, and effector T cells active at mucosal surfaces. Although the development of approaches for chicken transcriptome and proteome analyses have greatly helped the understanding of the underlying genetic mechanisms for immunity, there are still major knowledge gaps, such as the role of mucosal and cellular responses to IBVs. In view of recent reports of emergent IBV variants in many countries, there is renewed interest in a more complete understanding of poultry immune responses to both virulent and vaccine strains of IBVs. This will be critical for developing new vaccine or vaccination strategies and other intervention programs.

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Innate Immune Responses

Cited by 38 publications

References 217 publications

Interaction of infectious bursal disease virus with the immune system of poultry

Interaction of infectious bursal disease virus with the immune system of poultry

An examination of the effect of aerosolized Permanone insecticide on zebra finch susceptibility to West Nile virus

Immune Responses to Virulent and Vaccine Strains of Infectious Bronchitis Viruses in Chickens

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