Innovation Process Models With Emphasis on Open Innovation Model

Abstract

Innovation Process Models With Emphasis on Open Innovation ModelThis article presents different models of innovation processes and focuses in particular on the open innovation. The empirical part is based on the findings on the innovation cooperation of enterprises in the EU and OECD (these data, among others, determine the open innovation). At the end of the article there is a case study of Nokia which implements the open innovation in its innovation activity. The aim of this article is to present the paradigm of the open innovation processes. This approach concentrates on sharing knowledge, i.e. making new solutions available to other units by means of e.g. license sale. The open innovation business model takes advantage of both internal and external sources of ideas without a fear that a company's own ideas when transferred to another organization will lead to the company's loss of profits coming from this idea. The formal framework of an organization is just a symbolic one and makes the flow of knowledge between the organization and its environment possible. The enterprises that adopt the open innovation strategy both enthusiastically develop ideas which were created by others as well as make their own ideas available to other organizations that find them more interesting.

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“…Innovation is the driving factor for economic development, growth and the wealth of nations (Schumpeter, 1912) and is widely understood as a complex process (Drucker, 1985) involving different types of actors from the public and private sector (Mowery & Rosenberg, 1993;Chesbrough, 2003;Hauschildt et al, 2016), often organized in networks (Kozioł-Nadolna & Świadek, 2010;Barbieri & Álvares 2016;Taferner, 2017). These actors from the different societal sub-systems together form the National Innovation System (NIS), a term first introduced by Freeman (1987) and defined as: "[...] the network of institutions in the public and private sectors whose activities and interactions initiate, import, modify and diffuse new technologies."…”

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