Innovations in parasitic weeds management in legume crops. A review

Rubiales, Diego; Fernández‐Aparicio, Mónica

doi:10.1007/s13593-011-0045-x

Cited by 128 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…This might be due to an additive effect of the organic compounds and the soil-borne F. oxysporum fungi on the seed germination of the P. ramosa parasite. This is in agreement with earlier studies that examined F. oxysporum (Abouzeid et al, 2004;Magdoff and Weil, 2004;Rubiales, 2012). As agronomic management practices, high levels of nitrogen fertiliser (80 kg ha -1 nitrogen, in addition to normal fertilising) or sulphur fertiliser (8 t ha -1 sulphur) applied prior to transplantation of the tomato seedlings showed suppressive effects on the germination, and consequently the infestation rates, of the P. ramosa.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of different methods to control the parasitic weed Phelipanche ramosa (L.) Pomel in processing tomato crops

et al. 2016

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The root-parasitic weed Phelipanche ramosa (L.) Pomel represents a major problem for processing tomato crops. The control of this holoparasitic plant is difficult, and better understanding of treatment methods is needed to develop new and specific control strategies. This study investigated 12 agronomic, chemical, biological and biotechnological strategies for the control of this parasitic weed, in comparison with the untreated situation. The trial was carried out in 2014 at the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Environment of the University of Foggia (southern Italy), using processing tomato plants grown in pots filled with soil from a field that was heavily infested with P. ramosa. After transplantation, top dressing was performed with 70 kg ha -1 nitrogen. A randomised block design with 3 replicates (pots) was adopted. During the growing cycle of the tomato, at 70, 75, 81 and 88 days after transplantation, the number of parasitic shoots (branched plants) that had emerged in each pot was determined, and the leaf chlorophyll of the plants was measured using a soil-plantanalysis-development meter. At harvesting on 8 August 2014, the major quanti-qualitative yield parameters were determined, including marketable yield, mean weight, dry matter, soluble solids, and fruit colour. The results show lower chlorophyll levels in the parasitised tomato plants, compared to healthy plants. None of the treatments provided complete control against P. ramosa. However, among the methods tested, Radicon ® biostimulant (Radicon, Inc., Elk Grove Village, IL, USA), compost activated with Fusarium oxysporum, nitrogen and sulphur mineral fertilisers, Enzone TM soil fumigant (Elliott Chemicals Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand), and a resistant tomato genotype mitigated the virulence of the attacks of this parasite. These effects should be improved by combining some of these treatments, especially for gradual and continued reduction in the seed bank of the parasite in the soil. For the tomato yields across the different treatments, there were no significant differences seen; however, the yields showed an improving trend for treatments with lower presence of the P. ramosa weed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of different methods to control the parasitic weed Phelipanche ramosa (L.) Pomel in processing tomato crops

et al. 2016

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“…According to Avola et al [91], grain legumes are poor competitors with weeds. Without proper weed control, weeds can cause significant yield losses [92,93]. Groundnut, soybean and bambara groundnut have been observed to be among the poorest competitors with weeds and require constant weeding compared to other legumes such as cowpea and pigeon pea [94][95][96][97].…”

Section: Agronomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Expounding the Value of Grain Legumes in the Semi- and Arid Tropics

2017

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Approximately 70% of the population in the semi-and arid tropics reside in rural areas and depend on agriculture for their livelihood. Crop production is primarily focused on a few starchy staple crops. While this can ensure adequate calories, it inadvertently neglects the need for dietary diversity. Consequently, food and nutritional insecurity remains prevalent in the semi-and arid tropics. We reviewed the legume value chain with the aim to identify opportunities and challenges to unlocking their value and promoting them in the tropics. Several grain legumes are rich in proteins and micronutrients. They also possess adaptability to marginal environmental conditions such as drought and low input systems which typify rural landscapes. Adaptability to abiotic stresses such as drought makes them key to agriculture in areas that will receive less rainfall in the future. However, this potential was currently not being realized due to a range of challenges. Aspects related to their seed systems, production, post-harvest handling and marketing remain relatively under-researched. This was especially true for minor legumes. There is a need for transdisciplinary research which will address the entire value chain, as has been done for major starchy crops. This could also unlock significant economic opportunities for marginalized groups such as women. This will unlock their value and allow them to contribute meaningfully to food and nutrition security as well as sustainable and resilient cropping systems.

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“…Orobanche aegyptiaca) is not only of importance on legumes but also on many vegetable crops in the Middle East and Asia. Orobanche foetida is widely distributed infecting wild legumes in Western Mediterranean area, but has been only been reported as a problem to faba bean in areas of Tunisia and more recently to common vetch in Morocco (Parker, 2009;Rubiales and Fernández-Aparicio, 2012). Striga gesnerioides and Alectra vogelii cause considerable yield reduction of grain legume crops, particularly cowpea, throughout semi-arid areas of subSaharan Africa.…”

Section: Parasitic Weedsmentioning

confidence: 99%