Innovative Fibrous Materials Loaded with 5-Nitro-8-hydroxyquinoline via Electrospinning/Electrospraying Demonstrate Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities

Abstract

A new type of fibrous mat based on a cellulose derivative—cellulose acetate (CA) or CA and water-soluble polymers (polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP or poly(vinyl alcohol), PVA)—loaded with the model drug 5-nitro-8-hydroxyquinoline (5N) was fabricated via electrospinning or electrospinning in conjunction with electrospraying. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), water contact angle measurements and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) were used for the complex characterization of the obtained novel material. The decoration of CA fibers with a water-soluble polymer containing the drug resulted in the facilitation of wetting and fast drug release. The 5N-containing fibrous material showed antioxidant activity. Moreover, the proposed materials’ antibacterial and antifungal properties were tested against S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans. Well-distinguished, sterile zones with diameters above 3.5 cm were observed around all 5N-containing mats. The mats’ cytotoxicity toward HeLa carcinoma cells and normal mouse BALB/c 3T3 fibroblasts was assessed. The 5N-in-CA, PVP,5N-on-(5N-in-CA) and PVA,5N-on-(5N-in-CA) fibrous mats possessed anticancer efficacies and much lower levels of toxicity against normal cells. Therefore, the as-created novel electrospun materials, which are based on polymers loaded with the drug 5N via electrospinning/electrospraying, can potentially be applied for topical wound healing and for local cancer therapy.

Innovative Bioactive Nanofibrous Materials Combining Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Extracts and Electrospinning Method

“…This process is known as electrospinning, and it allows the production of irregularly deposited or oriented fibers, possessing remarkable properties, with diverse morphology, large specific surface area and porous structure. Fibrous mats can be obtained from solution or melt and may find potential application in medicine (mats with antitumor, antibacterial or hemostatic activity), in the pharmacy (drug carriers), filtration materials or photocatalytic removal of organic pollutants in the purification of water, for the immobilization of enzymes or for the preparation of fibrous materials with magnetic properties [12,[70][71][72][73].…”

“…Recently, electrospinning is a versatile, flexible and efficient method for the encapsulation of BAS into fibrous materials allowing the creation of highly efficient delivery systems [11]. Due to their porosity, electrospun fibers can incorporate active substances in their volume or immobilize biologically active molecules on their surface by chemical or physical adsorption [12]. By adjusting the solution and process parameters as well as the environmental conditions, the fibrous structure, morphology and porosity can be controlled.…”

Electrosprayed Core (Cellulose Acetate)–Shell (Polyvinylpyrrolidone) Nanoparticles for Smart Acetaminophen Delivery

“…Drug delivery is an applied scientific field that integrates knowledges and practices derived from multiple disciplines [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Its progress needs remarkable support from at least the following aspects: (1) novel active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) used to perform efficacious therapeutic actions or diagnosis [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ], which act as the targeted delivery components; (2) safe and stable pharmaceutical excipients used as drug carriers, which help the API molecules to cross various obstacles to reach the lesion site [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]; (3) advanced techniques used to transfer the APIs and drug carriers into the designed medicated materials and the final dosage form for administration [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”