Background:
Cancer and infectious diseases are one of the greatest challenges of
modern medicine. An unhealthy lifestyle, poor drug use, or drug misuse contribute to the rise in
morbidity and mortality brought on by these illnesses. The inadequacies of the medications now
being used to treat these disorders, along with the growing issue of drug resistance, have
compelled researchers to look for novel compounds with therapeutic promise. The number of
infections and diseases has significantly abated due to vaccine development and use over time,
which is described in detail. Several novel vaccines can now be produced by manipulating
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), Ribonucleic acid (RNA), Messenger Ribonucleic acid (mRNA),
proteins, viral vector Recombinant, and other molecules due to advances in genetic engineering
and our understanding of the immune defense.
Objective:
The main topic of discussion is cancer-based vaccinations, which were developed less
than a decade ago but have already been used to treat a wide range of both life-threatening and
deadly diseases. It contains clinical studies for cancer vaccines against kidney, liver, prostate,
cervix, and certain RNA-based cancer vaccines against breast and bladder cancer.
Results:
Numerous studies using various DNA and RNA-based methods have been conducted
on the basis of cancer, with 9-10 diseases related to DNA and 8–9 diseases associated with RNA.
Some of these studies have been completed, while others have been eliminated due to a lack of
research; further studies are ongoing regarding the same.
Conclusion:
This brief discussion of vaccines and their varieties with examples also discusses
vaccine clinical trials in relation to cancer diseases in this DNA and RNA-based cancer vaccine
that has had successful clinical trials like the cervical cancer drug VGX-3100, the kidney cancer
drug Pembrolizumab, MGN-1601, the prostate cancer drug pTVG-HP with rhGM-CSF, the
melanoma cancer drug proteasome siRNA, and the lung cancer drug FRAME-001.
