Innovative sea surface monitoring with GNSS-REflectometry aboard ISS: Overview and recent results from GEROS-ISS

Wickert, Jens; Andersen, Ole; Bandeiras, Jorge; Bertino, Laurent; Cardellach, Estel; Camps, Adriano; Catarino, Nuno; Chapron, Bertrand; Foti, Giuseppe; Gommenginger, Christine; Hatton, Jason; Høeg, Per; Jäggi, Adrian; Kern, Michael; Lee, T.; Martín-Neira, Manuel; Park, Hyuk; Pierdicca, Nazzareno; Rosello, Josep; Semmling, Maximilian; Shum, C. K.; Zuffada, Cinzia; Soulat, F.; Sousa, Ana; Xi, Jiangbo

doi:10.1109/igarss.2016.7730465

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…GNSS‐R altimetry, first described by Martín‐Neira [], uses the difference in arrival time (delay) between the direct and reflected signals (obtained by either cross correlation with a model of the transmitted signal or cross correlation with direct signals) to measure the surface height relative to the receiver. Sufficiently precise altimetric performances would require an appropriate system design, such as in GEROS‐ISS as a dedicated altimetric GNSS‐R mission [ Wickert et al ., ]. This method, combined with the knowledge of the receiver location deduced from GPS precise orbit determination, gives measurements of the ocean surface topography [ Lowe et al ., ; Hajj and Zuffada , ; Rius et al ., ; Cardellach et al ., ].…”

Section: The Gnss‐r Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Wetland monitoring with Global Navigation Satellite System reflectometry

Nghiem

Zuffada

Shah

et al. 2017

Earth and Space Science

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Information about wetland dynamics remains a major missing gap in characterizing, understanding, and projecting changes in atmospheric methane and terrestrial water storage. A review of current satellite methods to delineate and monitor wetland change shows some recent advances, but much improved sensing technologies are still needed for wetland mapping, not only to provide more accurate global inventories but also to examine changes spanning multiple decades. Global Navigation Satellite Systems Reflectometry (GNSS‐R) signatures from aircraft over the Ebro River Delta in Spain and satellite measurements over the Mississippi River and adjacent watersheds demonstrate that inundated wetlands can be identified under different vegetation conditions including a dense rice canopy and a thick forest with tall trees, where optical sensors and monostatic radars provide limited capabilities. Advantages as well as constraints of GNSS‐R are presented, and the synergy with various satellite observations are considered to achieve a breakthrough capability for multidecadal wetland dynamics monitoring with frequent global coverage at multiple spatial and temporal scales.

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Section: The Gnss‐r Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Wetland monitoring with Global Navigation Satellite System reflectometry

Nghiem

Zuffada

Shah

et al. 2017

Earth and Space Science

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“…Examples of instruments in orbit whose value is currently being assessed include those measuring soil moisture, ocean salinity and sea-ice thickness, and new measurements of wind, surface water, biomass and fluorescence are expected in the first half of the roadmap period, as noted in section 3.6. Novel use of reflected GNSS signals to infer ocean-and land-surface properties (Yang et al, 2009;Yin et al, 2015) is one of the objectives of the GEROS-ISS mission (Martin-Neira et al, 2014;Wickert et al, 2014). Agility in mission planning will be needed to ensure prompt follow-on missions for types of observation that have been demonstrated to yield cost-effective benefits.…”

Section: Other Requirements For Long-term Space-based Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation and integrated Earth-system science: A roadmap for 2016–2025

Simmons

Fellous²,

Ramaswamy

et al. 2016

Advances in Space Research

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International audienceThis report is the response to a request by the Committee on Space Research of the International Council for Science to prepare a roadmap on observation and integrated Earth-system science for the coming ten years. Its focus is on the combined use of observations and modelling to address the functioning, predictability and projected evolution of interacting components of the Earth system on timescales out to a century or so. It discusses how observations support integrated Earth-system science and its applications, and identifies planned enhancements to the contributing observing systems and other requirements for observations and their processing. All types of observation are considered, but emphasis is placed on those made from space.The origins and development of the integrated view of the Earth system are outlined, noting the interactions between the main components that lead to requirements for integrated science and modelling, and for the observations that guide and support them. What constitutes an Earth-system model is discussed. Summaries are given of key cycles within the Earth system.The nature of Earth observation and the arrangements for international coordination essential for effective operation of global observing systems are introduced. Instances are given of present types of observation, what is already on the roadmap for 2016–2025 and some of the issues to be faced. Observations that are organised on a systematic basis and observations that are made for process understanding and model development, or other research or demonstration purposes, are covered. Specific accounts are given for many of the variables of the Earth system.The current status and prospects for Earth-system modelling are summarized. The evolution towards applying Earth-system models for environmental monitoring and prediction as well as for climate simulation and projection is outlined. General aspects of the improvement of models, whether through refining the representations of processes that are already incorporated or through adding new processes or components, are discussed. Some important elements of Earth-system models are considered more fully.Data assimilation is discussed not only because it uses observations and models to generate datasets for monitoring the Earth system and for initiating and evaluating predictions, in particular through reanalysis, but also because of the feedback it provides on the quality of both the observations and the models employed. Inverse methods for surface-flux or model-parameter estimation are also covered. Reviews are given of the way observations and the processed datasets based on them are used for evaluating models, and of the combined use of observations and models for monitoring and interpreting the behaviour of the Earth system and for predicting and projecting its future.A set of concluding discussions covers general developmental needs, requirements for continuity of space-based observing systems, further long-term requirements for observations and other ...

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“…This work has presented the MIR instrument, a new airborne GNSS-Reflectometer that has been built during the last years in Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya to emulate the behavior of the future PARIS-IoD [25], GNSS rEflectometry, Radio Occultation, and Scatterometry onboard the International Space Station (GEROS-ISS) [26], or GNSS Transpolar Earth Reflectometry exploriNg system (G-TERN) [27] missions thanks to its large directive antennas, multi-beam and dual-frequency (L1/E1 and L5/E5a) capabilities. Obtaining the “compensation parameters” eases the later periodical instrument calibration by injecting PRN signals during operations, which have been proved useful to calibrate the instrument.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Global Navigation Satellite Systems Reflectometry (GNSS-R) Microwave Interferometric Reflectometer: Hardware, Calibration, and Validation Experiments

Onrubia

Pascual

Querol

et al. 2019

Sensors

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This manuscript describes the Microwave Interferometric Reflectometer (MIR) instrument, a multi-beam dual-band GNSS-Reflectometer with beam-steering capabilities built to assess the performance of a PAssive Reflectrometry and Interferometry System—In Orbit Demonstrator (PARIS-IoD) like instrument and to compare the performance of different GNSS-R techniques and signals. The instrument is capable of tracking up to 4 different GNSS satellites, two at L1/E1 band, and two at L5/E5 band. The calibration procedure of the up- and down-looking arrays is presented, the calibration performance is evaluated, and the results of the validation experiments carried out before the field experiments are shown in this paper.

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Innovative sea surface monitoring with GNSS-REflectometry aboard ISS: Overview and recent results from GEROS-ISS

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Wetland monitoring with Global Navigation Satellite System reflectometry

Wetland monitoring with Global Navigation Satellite System reflectometry

Observation and integrated Earth-system science: A roadmap for 2016–2025

The Global Navigation Satellite Systems Reflectometry (GNSS-R) Microwave Interferometric Reflectometer: Hardware, Calibration, and Validation Experiments

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