Inorganic/organic composite membranes

Jones, Deborah J.; Rozière, Jacqués

doi:10.1002/9780470974001.f303039

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Membranes under active development can be classified into the following groups and have been well reviewed in recent years: (1) modified perfluorosulphonic acid (PFSA) membranes [2,3]; (2) alternative membranes based on partially fluorinated and aromatic hydrocarbon polymers [6][7][8][9]; (3) inorganic-organic composites [10][11][12]; (4) acid-base polymer membranes [13][14][15][16], typically a basic polymer doped with a non-volatile inorganic acid or blended with a polymeric acid. As the focus of this treatise, discussion below is restricted to the acid-base membranes.…”

Section: High Temperature Pemfcmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells

Jensen

Savinell

et al. 2009

Progress in Polymer Science

1,242

852

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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. To achieve high temperature operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), preferably under ambient pressure, acid-base polymer membranes represent an effective approach. The phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole membrane seems so far the most successful system in the field. It has in recent years motivated extensive research activities with great progress. This treatise is devoted to updating the development, covering polymer synthesis, membrane casting, physicochemical characterizations and fuel cell technologies. To optimize the membrane properties, high molecular weight polymers with synthetically modified or N-substituted structures have been synthesized. Techniques for membrane casting from organic solutions and directly from acid solutions have been developed. Ionic and covalent cross-linking as well as inorganic-organic composites has been explored. Membrane characterizations have been made including spectroscopy, water uptake and acid doping, thermal and oxidative stability, conductivity, electro-osmotic water drag, methanol crossover, solubility and permeability of gases, and oxygen reduction kinetics. Related fuel cell technologies such as electrode and MEA fabrication have been developed and high temperature PEMFC has been successfully demonstrated at temperatures of up to 200• C under ambient pressure. No gas humidification is mandatory, which enables the elimination of the complicated humidification system, compared with Nafion cells. Other operating features of the PBI cell include easy control of air flow rate, cell temperature and cooling. The PBI cell operating at above 150• C can tolerate up to 1% CO and 10 ppm SO 2 in the fuel stream, allowing for simplification of the fuel processing system and possible integration of the fuel cell stack with fuel processing units. Long-term durability with a degradation rate of 5 V h −1 has been achieved under continuous operation with hydrogen and air at 150-160• C. With load or thermal cycling, a performance loss of 300 V per cycle or 40 V h −1 per operating hour was observed. Further improvement should be done by, e.g. optimizing the thermal and chemical stability of the polymer, acid-base interaction and acid management, activity and stability of catalyst and more importantly the catalyst support, as well as the integral interface between electrode and membrane.

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Section: High Temperature Pemfcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inorganic-organic composites are the focus of recent attempts to develop proton exchange membranes [10][11][12]. Addition of a hygroscopic moiety (e.g.…”

Section: Composite Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells

Jensen

Savinell

et al. 2009

Progress in Polymer Science

1,242

852

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“…Oxide-type proton conductors are very important materials for a wide range of electrochemical applications such as fuel cells or hydrogen sensors because of their promising proton conductivity at high temperatures [11]. Nanocomposite membranes are new groups of membranes which include nanoparticles such as SiO 2 , TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , and other compounds [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel nanocomposite membranes based on polybenzimidazole and Fe2TiO5 nanoparticles for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Shabanikia

Javanbakht

Amoli

et al. 2015

Ionics

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In this work, Fe 2 TiO 5 nanoparticles were used for improving the proton conductivity, and water and acid uptake of polybenzimidazole (PBI)-based proton exchange membranes. The nanocomposite membranes have been prepared using different amounts of Fe 2 TiO 5 nanoparticles and dispersed into a PBI membrane with the solution-casting method. The prepared membranes were then physico-chemically and electrochemically characterized for use as electrolytes in hightemperature PEMFCs. The PBI/Fe 2 TiO 5 membranes (PFT) showed a higher acid uptake and proton conductivity compared with the pure PBI membranes. The highest acid uptake (156 %) and proton conductivity (78 mS/cm at 180°C) were observed for the PBI nanocomposite membranes containing 4 wt% of Fe 2 TiO 5 nanoparticles (PFT 4 ). The PFT 4 composite membrane showed 380 mW/cm 2 power density and 760 mA/ cm 2 current density in 0.5 V at 180°C at dry condition. The above results indicated that the PFT 4 nanocomposite membranes could be utilized as proton exchange membranes for high-temperature fuel cells.

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“…These improvements include reduced permeation of reaction gases and radical species that could contribute to oxidative degradation, reduced swelling, enhanced water management and mechanical properties, as well as improved conductivity if the filler possesses higher proton conductivity compared to the neat polymer. The subject of ionomer composites is extremely large; therefore, the reader is referred to recent reviews for details [31][32][33][34][35]. Here only the main types of silica-, metal-oxide-, zirconium phosphate-, zirconium-acid phosphonate-, and heteropolyacicfilled membranes are reported, and only some properties of Nafion composite membranes are reviewed in the following sections.…”

Section: Composite Nafion Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%