Inorganic pellets containing microsclerotia of Metarhizium anisopliae: a new technological platform for the biological control of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus

Santos, Thainá Rodrigues; Paixão, Flávia Regina Santos da; Catão, Alaine Maria Lopes; Muniz, Elen Regozino; Ribeiro-Silva, Cárita S.; Taveira, Stephânia Fleury; Luz, Christian; Mascarin, Gabriel Moura; Fernandes, Éverton K. K.; Marreto, Ricardo Neves

doi:10.1007/s00253-021-11372-1

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Spray applications targeting foliage/turf where ticks quest have been extensively studied because of the increased potential for tick contact with infective conidia, a critical factor for successful fungal infection [ 11 ]. Granule/pellet formulations applied in their solid form also show effectiveness against ticks and there has been recent interest in the development of Metarhizium -based types, particularly for one-host species like D. albipictus and R. microplus , which infest large ungulates [ 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 ]. Granules are formulated as an aerial conidia-based material grown on a nutritive substance (i.e., grains) or from microsclerotia (hyphal aggregates) or blastospores produced in liquid culture [ 59 , 61 , 62 ].…”

Section: Metarhizium -Based Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Commercial Metarhizium- and Beauveria-Based Biopesticides for the Biological Control of Ticks in the USA

Sullivan

Parker

Skinner

2022

Insects

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is a need for the development of sustainable, nonchemical tick management strategies. Mycoacaricide and mycoinsecticide product development worldwide has focused primarily on fungi in the genera Beauveria (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) and Metarhizium (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae). Microbial biopesticides containing entomopathogenic fungi have potential in tick management. However, despite considerable progress in the development of fungal biopesticides over the past 20 years, the establishment of commercial products available for use against ticks continues to be slow. We reviewed published scientific literature and compiled a comprehensive list of reports of the effectiveness of commercial biopesticides based on the fungal genera Metarhizium and Beauveria and registered for use in the USA against ixodid ticks under laboratory and field conditions. We also report on results when these biopesticides were used as a part of integrated tick management. Until efficacious fungus-based products become more available, tick management will rely primarily on synthetic chemical acaricides, with natural-product acaricides as the alternative.

show abstract

Section: Metarhizium -Based Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Commercial Metarhizium- and Beauveria-Based Biopesticides for the Biological Control of Ticks in the USA

Sullivan

Parker

Skinner

2022

Insects

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In contrast to that approach, air-dried MS require relatively high relative humidity within a certain period of time to resume myceliogenic germination and subsequently sporulate on a substrate, and that is critical for conidia production and further infection of the target insect (Rodrigues et al, 2021). When focusing on soil application, C. rosea microsclerotium would be most suitable due to its resistant nature and ability to withstand adverse environmental conditions, as in the case of Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota: Clavicipitaceae) where its MS exhibited higher tolerance to UV-B radiation compared to aerial conidia (Santos T. R. et al, 2021). In support of this, MS of other biocontrol filamentous fungi have been shown to control their target pests when MS preparations are delivered to the soil, and upon the appropriate moisture, they undergo myceliogenic germination followed by sporogenesis (Schisler and Jackson, 1996;Jackson and Jaronski, 2009;Kobori et al, 2015;Villamizar et al, 2018;Marciano et al, 2021;Santos T. R. et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When focusing on soil application, C. rosea microsclerotium would be most suitable due to its resistant nature and ability to withstand adverse environmental conditions, as in the case of Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota: Clavicipitaceae) where its MS exhibited higher tolerance to UV-B radiation compared to aerial conidia (Santos T. R. et al, 2021). In support of this, MS of other biocontrol filamentous fungi have been shown to control their target pests when MS preparations are delivered to the soil, and upon the appropriate moisture, they undergo myceliogenic germination followed by sporogenesis (Schisler and Jackson, 1996;Jackson and Jaronski, 2009;Kobori et al, 2015;Villamizar et al, 2018;Marciano et al, 2021;Santos T. R. et al, 2021). The phenotypical plasticity of C. rosea to produce submerged conidia and MS allows us to use submerged conidia for aboveground applications and the MS in soil or seed treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clonostachys rosea: Production by Submerged Culture and Bioactivity Against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Bemisia tabaci

Mascarin

Silva

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Among the prospective biocontrol agents, the saprophytic filamentous fungus Clonostachys rosea is an excellent necrotrophic mycoparasite of numerous plant pathogenic fungi. However, its commercial development has been hampered by mass production difficulties during solid-state fermentation. Conversely, the submerged liquid fermentation shortens the cultivation time while increasing yields of fungal propagules. However, this method has been overlooked for C. rosea. In this work, we investigated the impact of liquid pre-culture inoculum on the spore production by the two-stage fermentation process using rice grains in comparison to the traditional solid-state fermentation. In parallel, we studied the submerged cultivation of C. rosea by manipulating carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratio and nitrogen source, with the further optimization of spore production in a benchtop bioreactor. Additional bioassays included assessing the bioactivity of water-dispersible microgranules (that contained a submerged conidia) against the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci biotype B) and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (causal agent of the white mold). Our results showed a maximum concentration of 1.1 × 109 conidia/g-dry-matter after 7 days of cultivation by two-stage fermentation process. The liquid fermentation yielded 1.4 × 109 submerged conidia/ml after 7 days using a medium with a 50:1 C:N ratio, and it also induced the production of microsclerotia (MS) up to 1.35 × 104/ml within 6 days with 10:1 C:N ratio; both media were supplemented with dextrose monohydrate and soybean meal. The fermentation batches carried out in a benchtop bioreactor with medium 50:1 C:N ratio and amended with soybean meal rendered a production peak on the fourth day, corresponding to 1.11 × 109 conidia/ml and 4.35 × 108 colony forming units (CFU)/ml. Following air-drying, the conidia production from air-dried microgranules of C. rosea biomass was estimated at 3.4 × 1010 conidia/g of formulated product upon re-hydration for 7 days. Both submerged conidia and MS of C. rosea inhibited 100% germination of S. sclerotiorum sclerotia by direct parasitism. The air-dried submerged conidia exhibited a suppressive activity on sclerotia (88% mycoparasitism) and early whitefly nymphs (76.2% mortality) that rendered LC50 values of 3.2 × 104 CFU/g soil and 1.5 × 107 CFU/ml, respectively. Therefore, the submerged liquid culture of C. rosea may offer a feasible and cost-effective method for its large-scale production, alleviating critical constraints to their commercial use while providing an additional tool for management of B. tabaci and S. sclerotiorum.

show abstract

“…These structures are stable and resilient under field conditions and may remain viable until conditions become more favorable for growth [ 14 ]. MS are also more tolerant to adverse abiotic factors, such as UV-B and heat, compared to aerial conidia [ 24 ]. The impact of nutritional requirements of liquid media on such submerged propagules has not been investigated yet on the production performance of various isolates from these two nematophagous fungi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Purpureocillium lilacinum and Pochonia chlamydosporia by Submerged Liquid Fermentation and Bioactivity against Tetranychus urticae and Heterodera glycines through Seed Inoculation

Silva

Souza

Moral

et al. 2022

JoF

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pochoniachlamydosporia and Purpureocilliumlilacinum are fungal bioagents used for the sustainable management of plant parasitic nematodes. However, their production through submerged liquid fermentation and their use in seed treatment have been underexplored. Therefore, our goal was to assess the effect of different liquid media on the growth of 40 isolates of P. lilacinum and two of P. chlamydosporia. The most promising isolates tested were assessed for plant growth promotion and the control of the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) and the soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines). Most isolates produced > 108 blastospores mL−1 and some isolates produced more than 104 microsclerotia mL−1. Microsclerotia of selected isolates were used to inoculate common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seeds in greenhouse trials. All fungal isolates reduced the T. urticae fecundity in inoculated plants through seed treatment, while P. chlamydosporia ESALQ5406 and P. lilacinum ESALQ2593 decreased cyst nematode population. Purpureocillium lilacinum was more frequently detected in soil, whereas P. chlamydosporia colonized all plant parts. Pochonia chlamydosporia ESALQ5406 improved the root development of bean plants. These findings demonstrate the possibility of producing submerged propagules of P. chlamydosporia and P. lilacinum by liquid culture, and greenhouse trials support the applicability of fungal microsclerotia in seed treatment to control P. vulgaris pests.

show abstract

Inorganic pellets containing microsclerotia of Metarhizium anisopliae: a new technological platform for the biological control of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

A Review of Commercial Metarhizium- and Beauveria-Based Biopesticides for the Biological Control of Ticks in the USA

A Review of Commercial Metarhizium- and Beauveria-Based Biopesticides for the Biological Control of Ticks in the USA

Clonostachys rosea: Production by Submerged Culture and Bioactivity Against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Bemisia tabaci

Production of Purpureocillium lilacinum and Pochonia chlamydosporia by Submerged Liquid Fermentation and Bioactivity against Tetranychus urticae and Heterodera glycines through Seed Inoculation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About