Inorganic-scintillator development

Eijk, C.W.E. van

doi:10.1016/s0168-9002(00)01088-3

Cited by 431 publications

(179 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Mixed Lu x Y 1-x AlO 3 :Ce (LuYAP:Ce) crystals came under attention as a suitable compromise between the crystal density and accessibility of the crystal growth [2,3] and such Lu-rich mixed crystals were very recently adopted also for a prototype industrial production [4]. Luminescence and scintillation characteristics of YAP:Ce, LuAP:Ce and LuYAP:Ce crystals were found to be similar and a brief review of the results obtained mainly at 80-300 K under excitation in the 6.0 -3.0 eV energy range was given [5,6]. It was shown that the Ce 3+ -related absorption spectrum is located in the 4.1 -6.0 eV energy range, and the emission spectrum, in the 3.2 -3.7 eV energy range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescence and defects creation in Ce³⁺‐doped YAlO₃ and Lu_0.3Y_0.7AlO₃ crystals

Blažek

Krasnikov

Nejezchleb

et al. 2005

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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Luminescence, energy transfer and defects creation processes were studied for the Ce 3+ -doped YAlO 3 and Lu x Y 1-x AlO 3 (x = 0.3) crystals in the temperature range 4.2 -300 K under selective photoexcitation in the energy range 3.5 -11.5 eV. For the first time, defects creation spectra were measured and analyzed. Influence of the charge and ionic radii of co-doping ions on the luminescence and defects creation efficiency was considered. The origin of the defects created and possible mechanisms of their formation were discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescence and defects creation in Ce³⁺‐doped YAlO₃ and Lu_0.3Y_0.7AlO₃ crystals

Blažek

Krasnikov

Nejezchleb

et al. 2005

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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“…[2,3,19] As a third important field, there is X-ray-intensifying and scintillation (e.g., for medical X-ray detection monitors). [2,3,22] For all these purposes, some tens of thousands of phosphors have been synthesized and characterized. However, only about 50 materials exhibit properties that are sufficient for technological application ( Table 2).…”

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confidence: 99%

Inorganic Luminescent Materials: 100 Years of Research and Application

Feldmann¹,

Jüstel

Ronda

et al. 2003

Adv Funct Materials

1,098

626

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Luminescent materials (or phosphors) are generally characterized by the emission of light with energy beyond thermal equilibrium. More vividly this means: The nature of luminescence is different from that of black-body radiation. Luminescence can occur as a result of many different kinds of excitation, which is reflected in expressions such as photo-, electro-, chemi-, thermo-, sono-, or triboluminescence. In practice, most often the excitation is via X-rays, cathode rays, or UV emission of a gas discharge. The role of the phosphor is to convert the incoming radiation into visible light. In addition to the type of excitation, two other terms are used quite often to classify luminescent materials. Both can be related to the decay time (s): fluorescence (s < 10 ms) and phosphorescence (s > 0.1 s). [1] The luminescence of inorganic solids, which is the focus of this contribution, can be traced to two mechanisms: luminescence of localized centers and luminescence of semiconductors (Fig. 1). [1,2] The first case is represented by transitions between energy levels of single ions (e.g., f±f transitions of Eu 3+ in Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ ) or complex ions (e.g., the charge-transfer transition on [WO 4 ] 2± in CaWO 4 ). In the case of luminescent centers, the transition rate is (more or less strongly) correlated to the relevant quantum-mechanical selection rules, and reflected in the intensity as well as the decay time of the transition. Excitation and emission can be (as shown in Fig. 1) both localized to one center (e.g., [WO 4 ] 2± in CaWO 4 ) or separated from each other: excitation on sensitizer (e.g., Ce 3+ in LaPO 4 :Ce 3+ ,Tb 3+ ) is followed by emission on activator (e.g., Tb 3+ in LaPO 4 :Ce 3+

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“…Presently, the most attractive semiconductor material is cadmium zinc telluride, (CdZnTe or CZT as frequently abbreviated in the literature) as can be concluded from Table 3. Table 1 Some characteristics of the most used crystals in radioisotope medical imaging detectors (Knoll, 2000;Van Eijk, 2001) NaI ( The total attenuation and absorption coefficients, m and m ph , respectively, were calculated with XCOM (Berger et al, 1999) without including the coherent scattering. The detector materials are: NaI(Tl) and CsI(Tl)-thallium-doped sodium/caesium iodide, respectively; BGO-bismuth germinate; LSO:Ce and GSO:Ce-cerium-doped lutetium/gadolinium oxyorthosilicate, respectively; YAP:Ce and LuAP:Ce-yttrium/lutetium aluminium perovskite, respectively.…”

Section: Gamma Cameramentioning

confidence: 99%

Detectors for medical radioisotope imaging: demands and perspectives

Lopes

Chepel

2004

Radiation Physics and Chemistry

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Radioisotope imaging is used to obtain information on biochemical processes in living organisms, being a tool of increasing importance for medical diagnosis. The improvement and expansion of these techniques depend on the progress attained in several areas, such as radionuclide production, radiopharmaceuticals, radiation detectors and image reconstruction algorithms. This review paper will be concerned only with the detector technology.We will review in general terms the present status of medical radioisotope imaging instrumentation with the emphasis put on the developments of high-resolution gamma cameras and PET detector systems for scinti-mammography and animal imaging. The present trend to combine two or more modalities in a single machine in order to obtain complementary information will also be considered. r

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Inorganic-scintillator development

Cited by 431 publications

References 102 publications

Luminescence and defects creation in Ce³⁺‐doped YAlO₃ and Lu_0.3Y_0.7AlO₃ crystals

Luminescence and defects creation in Ce³⁺‐doped YAlO₃ and Lu_0.3Y_0.7AlO₃ crystals

Inorganic Luminescent Materials: 100 Years of Research and Application

Detectors for medical radioisotope imaging: demands and perspectives

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Inorganic-scintillator development

Cited by 431 publications

References 102 publications

Luminescence and defects creation in Ce3+‐doped YAlO3 and Lu0.3Y0.7AlO3 crystals

Luminescence and defects creation in Ce3+‐doped YAlO3 and Lu0.3Y0.7AlO3 crystals

Inorganic Luminescent Materials: 100 Years of Research and Application

Detectors for medical radioisotope imaging: demands and perspectives

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Luminescence and defects creation in Ce³⁺‐doped YAlO₃ and Lu_0.3Y_0.7AlO₃ crystals

Luminescence and defects creation in Ce³⁺‐doped YAlO₃ and Lu_0.3Y_0.7AlO₃ crystals